Somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens

Abstract This study developed somatic embryogenesis protocols for Picea pungens (Engelm), an important ornamental species, including initiation, proliferation, maturation, germination, and acclimation. Somatic embryogenic tissues were induced from mature zygotic embryos of five families, with a freq...

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Autores principales:	Jing Tao, Shigang Chen, Caiyun Qin, Qingmei Li, Jufeng Cai, Changbin Sun, Weiming Wang, Yuhui Weng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/45babc8715de486e8a93ffbc1d78eafe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:45babc8715de486e8a93ffbc1d78eafe2021-12-02T15:15:14ZSomatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens10.1038/s41598-021-98511-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/45babc8715de486e8a93ffbc1d78eafe2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98511-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract This study developed somatic embryogenesis protocols for Picea pungens (Engelm), an important ornamental species, including initiation, proliferation, maturation, germination, and acclimation. Somatic embryogenic tissues were induced from mature zygotic embryos of five families, with a frequency of $$\ge $$ ≥ 22% for each. Embryogenic tissues (ET) from 13 clones of three families were proliferated for one week, achieving an average rate of 179.1%. The ET of 38 clones of three families were cultured in maturation medium for six weeks; 188 mature embryos on average were counted per gram ET cultured, of which $$\ge $$ ≥ 81.1% appeared normal, and each clone developed at least 28 normally matured embryos. A total of 69.9% or more of cotyledonary somatic embryos germinated normally and developed into normal emblings. The experiment of transplanting the emblings into a greenhouse had an average survival rate of 68.5%. Considerable variation among and within families during initiation and proliferation was observed, but this variation decreased in the maturation and germination. Changing the concentration of plant growth regulator of the initiation medium did not significantly change the initiation frequency. We recommend incorporating these protocols into the current Picea pungens practical programs, although further research is essential to increase efficiencies and reduce cost.Jing TaoShigang ChenCaiyun QinQingmei LiJufeng CaiChangbin SunWeiming WangYuhui WengNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jing Tao Shigang Chen Caiyun Qin Qingmei Li Jufeng Cai Changbin Sun Weiming Wang Yuhui Weng Somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens
description	Abstract This study developed somatic embryogenesis protocols for Picea pungens (Engelm), an important ornamental species, including initiation, proliferation, maturation, germination, and acclimation. Somatic embryogenic tissues were induced from mature zygotic embryos of five families, with a frequency of $$\ge $$ ≥ 22% for each. Embryogenic tissues (ET) from 13 clones of three families were proliferated for one week, achieving an average rate of 179.1%. The ET of 38 clones of three families were cultured in maturation medium for six weeks; 188 mature embryos on average were counted per gram ET cultured, of which $$\ge $$ ≥ 81.1% appeared normal, and each clone developed at least 28 normally matured embryos. A total of 69.9% or more of cotyledonary somatic embryos germinated normally and developed into normal emblings. The experiment of transplanting the emblings into a greenhouse had an average survival rate of 68.5%. Considerable variation among and within families during initiation and proliferation was observed, but this variation decreased in the maturation and germination. Changing the concentration of plant growth regulator of the initiation medium did not significantly change the initiation frequency. We recommend incorporating these protocols into the current Picea pungens practical programs, although further research is essential to increase efficiencies and reduce cost.
format	article
author	Jing Tao Shigang Chen Caiyun Qin Qingmei Li Jufeng Cai Changbin Sun Weiming Wang Yuhui Weng
author_facet	Jing Tao Shigang Chen Caiyun Qin Qingmei Li Jufeng Cai Changbin Sun Weiming Wang Yuhui Weng
author_sort	Jing Tao
title	Somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens
title_short	Somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens
title_full	Somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens
title_fullStr	Somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens
title_full_unstemmed	Somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens
title_sort	somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of picea pungens
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/45babc8715de486e8a93ffbc1d78eafe
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Somatic embryogenesis in mature zygotic embryos of Picea pungens

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