Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection

Two mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are globally authorized as a two-dose regimen. Understanding the magnitude and duration of protective immune responses is vital to curbing the pandemic. We enrolled 461 high-risk health se...

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Autores principales:	Ashley N. Gray, Rachel Martin-Blais, Nicole H. Tobin, Yan Wang, Sarah L. Brooker, Fan Li, Adva Gadoth, Julie Elliott, Emmanuelle Faure-Kumar, Megan Halbrook, Christian Hofmann, Saman Kashani, Clayton Kazan, Otto O. Yang, Jennifer A. Fulcher, Kathie Grovit-Ferbas, Anne W. Rimoin, Grace M. Aldrovandi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/45bfdda4834741c0968fc739206bab21
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:45bfdda4834741c0968fc739206bab212021-11-18T06:34:26ZHumoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/45bfdda4834741c0968fc739206bab212021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8575273/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Two mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are globally authorized as a two-dose regimen. Understanding the magnitude and duration of protective immune responses is vital to curbing the pandemic. We enrolled 461 high-risk health services workers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and first responders in the Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACoFD) to assess the humoral responses in previously infected (PI) and infection naïve (NPI) individuals to mRNA-based vaccines (BNT162b2/Pfizer- BioNTech or mRNA-1273/Moderna). A chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay was used to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in vaccinees prior to (n = 21) and following each vaccine dose (n = 246 following dose 1 and n = 315 following dose 2), and at days 31–60 (n = 110) and 61–90 (n = 190) following completion of the 2-dose series. Both vaccines induced robust antibody responses in all immunocompetent individuals. Previously infected individuals achieved higher median peak titers (p = 0.002) and had a slower rate of decay (p = 0.047) than infection-naïve individuals. mRNA-1273 vaccinated infection-naïve individuals demonstrated modestly higher titers following each dose (p = 0.005 and p = 0.029, respectively) and slower rates of antibody decay (p = 0.003) than those who received BNT162b2. A subset of previously infected individuals (25%) required both doses in order to reach peak antibody titers. The biologic significance of the differences between previously infected individuals and between the mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines remains uncertain, but may have important implications for booster strategies.Ashley N. GrayRachel Martin-BlaisNicole H. TobinYan WangSarah L. BrookerFan LiAdva GadothJulie ElliottEmmanuelle Faure-KumarMegan HalbrookChristian HofmannSaman KashaniClayton KazanOtto O. YangJennifer A. FulcherKathie Grovit-FerbasAnne W. RimoinGrace M. AldrovandiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ashley N. Gray Rachel Martin-Blais Nicole H. Tobin Yan Wang Sarah L. Brooker Fan Li Adva Gadoth Julie Elliott Emmanuelle Faure-Kumar Megan Halbrook Christian Hofmann Saman Kashani Clayton Kazan Otto O. Yang Jennifer A. Fulcher Kathie Grovit-Ferbas Anne W. Rimoin Grace M. Aldrovandi Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection
description	Two mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are globally authorized as a two-dose regimen. Understanding the magnitude and duration of protective immune responses is vital to curbing the pandemic. We enrolled 461 high-risk health services workers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and first responders in the Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACoFD) to assess the humoral responses in previously infected (PI) and infection naïve (NPI) individuals to mRNA-based vaccines (BNT162b2/Pfizer- BioNTech or mRNA-1273/Moderna). A chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay was used to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in vaccinees prior to (n = 21) and following each vaccine dose (n = 246 following dose 1 and n = 315 following dose 2), and at days 31–60 (n = 110) and 61–90 (n = 190) following completion of the 2-dose series. Both vaccines induced robust antibody responses in all immunocompetent individuals. Previously infected individuals achieved higher median peak titers (p = 0.002) and had a slower rate of decay (p = 0.047) than infection-naïve individuals. mRNA-1273 vaccinated infection-naïve individuals demonstrated modestly higher titers following each dose (p = 0.005 and p = 0.029, respectively) and slower rates of antibody decay (p = 0.003) than those who received BNT162b2. A subset of previously infected individuals (25%) required both doses in order to reach peak antibody titers. The biologic significance of the differences between previously infected individuals and between the mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines remains uncertain, but may have important implications for booster strategies.
format	article
author	Ashley N. Gray Rachel Martin-Blais Nicole H. Tobin Yan Wang Sarah L. Brooker Fan Li Adva Gadoth Julie Elliott Emmanuelle Faure-Kumar Megan Halbrook Christian Hofmann Saman Kashani Clayton Kazan Otto O. Yang Jennifer A. Fulcher Kathie Grovit-Ferbas Anne W. Rimoin Grace M. Aldrovandi
author_facet	Ashley N. Gray Rachel Martin-Blais Nicole H. Tobin Yan Wang Sarah L. Brooker Fan Li Adva Gadoth Julie Elliott Emmanuelle Faure-Kumar Megan Halbrook Christian Hofmann Saman Kashani Clayton Kazan Otto O. Yang Jennifer A. Fulcher Kathie Grovit-Ferbas Anne W. Rimoin Grace M. Aldrovandi
author_sort	Ashley N. Gray
title	Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection
title_short	Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection
title_full	Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection
title_fullStr	Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection
title_full_unstemmed	Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection
title_sort	humoral responses to sars-cov-2 mrna vaccines: role of past infection
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/45bfdda4834741c0968fc739206bab21
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Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection

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