A Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia

Purposes: To investigate the effectiveness of a dichoptic optokinetic nystagmus (dOKN) test to objectively quantify interocular suppression in intermittent exotropia (IXT) patients during the states of orthotropia and exodeviation.Methods: The OKN motion in subjects (15 controls and 59 IXT subjects)...

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Autores principales:	Xiaoxiao Cai, Zidong Chen, Yanping Liu, Daming Deng, Minbin Yu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	intermittent exotropia eye tracker visual suppression optokinetic nystagmus strabismus Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/45f4cba80e404b47bae986181d79a707
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:45f4cba80e404b47bae986181d79a7072021-12-03T05:33:30ZA Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia1662-453X10.3389/fnins.2021.772341https://doaj.org/article/45f4cba80e404b47bae986181d79a7072021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.772341/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-453XPurposes: To investigate the effectiveness of a dichoptic optokinetic nystagmus (dOKN) test to objectively quantify interocular suppression in intermittent exotropia (IXT) patients during the states of orthotropia and exodeviation.Methods: The OKN motion in subjects (15 controls and 59 IXT subjects) who viewed dichoptic oppositely moving gratings with different contrast ratios was monitored and recorded by an eye tracker. Interocular suppression in control subjects was induced using neutral density (ND) filters. The OKN direction ratios were fitted to examine the changes of interocular suppression in subjects under different viewing states. Two established interocular suppression tests (phase and motion) were conducted for a comparative study.Results: The dOKN test, which requires a minimal response from subjects, could accurately quantify the interocular suppression in both IXT and control subjects, which is in line with the established interocular suppression tests. Overall, although comparative, the strength of interocular suppression detected by the dOKN test (0.171 ± 0.088) was stronger than those of the phase (0.293 ± 0.081) and the motion tests (0.212 ± 0.068) in the control subjects with 1.5 ND filters. In IXT patients, when their eyes kept aligned, the dOKN test (0.58 ± 0.09) measured deeper visual suppression compared with the phase (0.73 ± 0.17) or the motion test (0.65 ± 0.14). Interestingly, strong interocular suppression (dOKN: 0.15 ± 0.12) was observed in IXT subjects during the periods of exodeviation, irrespective of their binocular visual function as measured by synoptophore.Conclusion: The dOKN test provides efficient and objective quantification of interocular suppression in IXT, and demonstrates how it fluctuates under different eye positions.Xiaoxiao CaiZidong ChenYanping LiuDaming DengMinbin YuFrontiers Media S.A.articleintermittent exotropiaeye trackervisual suppressionoptokinetic nystagmusstrabismusNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	intermittent exotropia eye tracker visual suppression optokinetic nystagmus strabismus Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	intermittent exotropia eye tracker visual suppression optokinetic nystagmus strabismus Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Xiaoxiao Cai Zidong Chen Yanping Liu Daming Deng Minbin Yu A Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia
description	Purposes: To investigate the effectiveness of a dichoptic optokinetic nystagmus (dOKN) test to objectively quantify interocular suppression in intermittent exotropia (IXT) patients during the states of orthotropia and exodeviation.Methods: The OKN motion in subjects (15 controls and 59 IXT subjects) who viewed dichoptic oppositely moving gratings with different contrast ratios was monitored and recorded by an eye tracker. Interocular suppression in control subjects was induced using neutral density (ND) filters. The OKN direction ratios were fitted to examine the changes of interocular suppression in subjects under different viewing states. Two established interocular suppression tests (phase and motion) were conducted for a comparative study.Results: The dOKN test, which requires a minimal response from subjects, could accurately quantify the interocular suppression in both IXT and control subjects, which is in line with the established interocular suppression tests. Overall, although comparative, the strength of interocular suppression detected by the dOKN test (0.171 ± 0.088) was stronger than those of the phase (0.293 ± 0.081) and the motion tests (0.212 ± 0.068) in the control subjects with 1.5 ND filters. In IXT patients, when their eyes kept aligned, the dOKN test (0.58 ± 0.09) measured deeper visual suppression compared with the phase (0.73 ± 0.17) or the motion test (0.65 ± 0.14). Interestingly, strong interocular suppression (dOKN: 0.15 ± 0.12) was observed in IXT subjects during the periods of exodeviation, irrespective of their binocular visual function as measured by synoptophore.Conclusion: The dOKN test provides efficient and objective quantification of interocular suppression in IXT, and demonstrates how it fluctuates under different eye positions.
format	article
author	Xiaoxiao Cai Zidong Chen Yanping Liu Daming Deng Minbin Yu
author_facet	Xiaoxiao Cai Zidong Chen Yanping Liu Daming Deng Minbin Yu
author_sort	Xiaoxiao Cai
title	A Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia
title_short	A Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia
title_full	A Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia
title_fullStr	A Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia
title_full_unstemmed	A Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia
title_sort	dichoptic optokinetic nystagmus paradigm for interocular suppression quantification in intermittent exotropia
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/45f4cba80e404b47bae986181d79a707
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A Dichoptic Optokinetic Nystagmus Paradigm for Interocular Suppression Quantification in Intermittent Exotropia

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