General population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.

<h4>Background</h4>Evidence for the potential prevention of dementia through lifestyle risk factor modification is growing and has prompted examination of implementation approaches. Understanding the general population's perspectives regarding dementia risk reduction is key to imple...

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Autores principales:	Eleanor Curran, Terence W H Chong, Kali Godbee, Charles Abraham, Nicola T Lautenschlager, Victoria J Palmer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/460130c111e14b80b2500d5aa330e107
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:460130c111e14b80b2500d5aa330e1072021-12-02T20:14:32ZGeneral population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0257540https://doaj.org/article/460130c111e14b80b2500d5aa330e1072021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257540https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Evidence for the potential prevention of dementia through lifestyle risk factor modification is growing and has prompted examination of implementation approaches. Understanding the general population's perspectives regarding dementia risk reduction is key to implementation. This may provide useful insights into more effective and efficient ways to help people change relevant beliefs, motivations and behaviour patterns. We conducted a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence to develop an integrated model of general population dementia risk reduction perspectives and the implications for intervention in research and implementation contexts.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We searched electronic databases, supplemented by lateral search techniques, to identify studies published since 1995 reporting qualitative dementia risk reduction perspectives of the non-expert general population who do not have dementia. Thematic synthesis, incorporating an expert panel discussion, was used to identify overarching themes and develop an integrated model to guide intervention to support individuals to adopt and maintain dementia risk reduction behaviour patterns. Quality of included studies and confidence in review findings were systematically appraised. We included 50 papers, reflecting the views of more than 4,500 individuals. Main themes were: 1) The need for effective education about a complex topic to prevent confusion and facilitate understanding and empowerment; 2) Personally relevant short- and long-term benefits of dementia risk reduction behaviour patterns can generate value and facilitate action; 3) Individuals benefit from trusted, reliable and sensitive support to convert understanding to personal commitment to relevant behaviour change; 4) Choice, control and relevant self-regulatory supports help individuals take-action and direct their own progress; 5) Collaborative and empowering social opportunities can facilitate and propagate dementia risk reduction behaviour change; 6) Individual behaviour patterns occur in social contexts that influence beliefs through heuristic processes and need to be understood. Findings indicate that, for intervention: 1) education is key, but both content and delivery need to be tailored; 2) complementary interventions to support self-regulation mechanisms and social processes will increase education effectiveness; 3) co-design principles should guide intervention design and delivery processes; 4) all interventions need to be supported by context-specific data.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This systematic review and thematic synthesis provides a comprehensive, integrated model of the dementia risk reduction perspectives of the general population and intervention approaches to support behaviour change that can be applied in clinical trial and real-world implementation settings. Findings extend existing knowledge and may assist more effective intervention design and delivery.Eleanor CurranTerence W H ChongKali GodbeeCharles AbrahamNicola T LautenschlagerVictoria J PalmerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257540 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Eleanor Curran Terence W H Chong Kali Godbee Charles Abraham Nicola T Lautenschlager Victoria J Palmer General population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Evidence for the potential prevention of dementia through lifestyle risk factor modification is growing and has prompted examination of implementation approaches. Understanding the general population's perspectives regarding dementia risk reduction is key to implementation. This may provide useful insights into more effective and efficient ways to help people change relevant beliefs, motivations and behaviour patterns. We conducted a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence to develop an integrated model of general population dementia risk reduction perspectives and the implications for intervention in research and implementation contexts.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We searched electronic databases, supplemented by lateral search techniques, to identify studies published since 1995 reporting qualitative dementia risk reduction perspectives of the non-expert general population who do not have dementia. Thematic synthesis, incorporating an expert panel discussion, was used to identify overarching themes and develop an integrated model to guide intervention to support individuals to adopt and maintain dementia risk reduction behaviour patterns. Quality of included studies and confidence in review findings were systematically appraised. We included 50 papers, reflecting the views of more than 4,500 individuals. Main themes were: 1) The need for effective education about a complex topic to prevent confusion and facilitate understanding and empowerment; 2) Personally relevant short- and long-term benefits of dementia risk reduction behaviour patterns can generate value and facilitate action; 3) Individuals benefit from trusted, reliable and sensitive support to convert understanding to personal commitment to relevant behaviour change; 4) Choice, control and relevant self-regulatory supports help individuals take-action and direct their own progress; 5) Collaborative and empowering social opportunities can facilitate and propagate dementia risk reduction behaviour change; 6) Individual behaviour patterns occur in social contexts that influence beliefs through heuristic processes and need to be understood. Findings indicate that, for intervention: 1) education is key, but both content and delivery need to be tailored; 2) complementary interventions to support self-regulation mechanisms and social processes will increase education effectiveness; 3) co-design principles should guide intervention design and delivery processes; 4) all interventions need to be supported by context-specific data.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This systematic review and thematic synthesis provides a comprehensive, integrated model of the dementia risk reduction perspectives of the general population and intervention approaches to support behaviour change that can be applied in clinical trial and real-world implementation settings. Findings extend existing knowledge and may assist more effective intervention design and delivery.
format	article
author	Eleanor Curran Terence W H Chong Kali Godbee Charles Abraham Nicola T Lautenschlager Victoria J Palmer
author_facet	Eleanor Curran Terence W H Chong Kali Godbee Charles Abraham Nicola T Lautenschlager Victoria J Palmer
author_sort	Eleanor Curran
title	General population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.
title_short	General population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.
title_full	General population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.
title_fullStr	General population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.
title_full_unstemmed	General population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.
title_sort	general population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/460130c111e14b80b2500d5aa330e107
work_keys_str_mv	AT eleanorcurran generalpopulationperspectivesofdementiariskreductionandtheimplicationsforinterventionasystematicreviewandthematicsynthesisofqualitativeevidence AT terencewhchong generalpopulationperspectivesofdementiariskreductionandtheimplicationsforinterventionasystematicreviewandthematicsynthesisofqualitativeevidence AT kaligodbee generalpopulationperspectivesofdementiariskreductionandtheimplicationsforinterventionasystematicreviewandthematicsynthesisofqualitativeevidence AT charlesabraham generalpopulationperspectivesofdementiariskreductionandtheimplicationsforinterventionasystematicreviewandthematicsynthesisofqualitativeevidence AT nicolatlautenschlager generalpopulationperspectivesofdementiariskreductionandtheimplicationsforinterventionasystematicreviewandthematicsynthesisofqualitativeevidence AT victoriajpalmer generalpopulationperspectivesofdementiariskreductionandtheimplicationsforinterventionasystematicreviewandthematicsynthesisofqualitativeevidence
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General population perspectives of dementia risk reduction and the implications for intervention: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence.

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