Exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms

Abstract Due to climate change, temperature in late February and early March raised up which cause heat stress at reproductive stage (terminal growth phase of wheat crop) which has become the major causative factor towards low wheat production in arid and semiarid regions. Therefore; strategies need...

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Autores principales:	Talha Mustafa, Abdul Sattar, Ahmad Sher, Sami Ul-Allah, Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Irfan, Madiha Butt, Mumtaz Cheema
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/463728ef17b0415ab7a46c423851174f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:463728ef17b0415ab7a46c423851174f2021-12-05T12:15:40ZExogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms10.1038/s41598-021-02594-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/463728ef17b0415ab7a46c423851174f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02594-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Due to climate change, temperature in late February and early March raised up which cause heat stress at reproductive stage (terminal growth phase of wheat crop) which has become the major causative factor towards low wheat production in arid and semiarid regions. Therefore; strategies need to be adopted for improving terminal heat stress tolerance in wheat. In this study, we assessed whether foliar application of silicon (Si) (2 and 4 mM) at terminal growth phase i.e. heading stage of wheat imposed to heat stress (37 ± 2 °C) under polythene tunnel could improve the performance of wheat. Results of the study revealed that heat stress significantly reduced the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and a + b and carotenoids) leading to a lower grain yield. However, a 4 mM Si application (foliar applied) at heading stage prominently increased the chlorophyll a, b and a + b and carotenoids of flag leaf by improving the activities of enzymatic antioxidants (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) and osmoprotectants (soluble sugar protein and proline) under terminal heat stress. Improvements in the performance of wheat (chlorophyll contents, carotenoids, soluble sugar and proteins and proline and yield) with foliar application of Si were also observed under control conditions. Correlation analysis revealed strong association (r > 0.90) of chlorophyll contents and carotenoids with grain and biological yield. Negative correlation (−0.81 < r > −0.63) of physio-biochemical components (antioxidants, proline, soluble sugars and proteins) with yield revealed that under heat stress these components produced in more quantities to alleviate the effects of heat, and Si application also improved these physio biochemical components. In crux, foliar application of Si alleviates the losses in the performance of wheat caused by terminal heat stress by improving the antioxidant mechanism and production of osmoprotectants.Talha MustafaAbdul SattarAhmad SherSami Ul-AllahMuhammad IjazMuhammad IrfanMadiha ButtMumtaz CheemaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Talha Mustafa Abdul Sattar Ahmad Sher Sami Ul-Allah Muhammad Ijaz Muhammad Irfan Madiha Butt Mumtaz Cheema Exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms
description	Abstract Due to climate change, temperature in late February and early March raised up which cause heat stress at reproductive stage (terminal growth phase of wheat crop) which has become the major causative factor towards low wheat production in arid and semiarid regions. Therefore; strategies need to be adopted for improving terminal heat stress tolerance in wheat. In this study, we assessed whether foliar application of silicon (Si) (2 and 4 mM) at terminal growth phase i.e. heading stage of wheat imposed to heat stress (37 ± 2 °C) under polythene tunnel could improve the performance of wheat. Results of the study revealed that heat stress significantly reduced the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and a + b and carotenoids) leading to a lower grain yield. However, a 4 mM Si application (foliar applied) at heading stage prominently increased the chlorophyll a, b and a + b and carotenoids of flag leaf by improving the activities of enzymatic antioxidants (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) and osmoprotectants (soluble sugar protein and proline) under terminal heat stress. Improvements in the performance of wheat (chlorophyll contents, carotenoids, soluble sugar and proteins and proline and yield) with foliar application of Si were also observed under control conditions. Correlation analysis revealed strong association (r > 0.90) of chlorophyll contents and carotenoids with grain and biological yield. Negative correlation (−0.81 < r > −0.63) of physio-biochemical components (antioxidants, proline, soluble sugars and proteins) with yield revealed that under heat stress these components produced in more quantities to alleviate the effects of heat, and Si application also improved these physio biochemical components. In crux, foliar application of Si alleviates the losses in the performance of wheat caused by terminal heat stress by improving the antioxidant mechanism and production of osmoprotectants.
format	article
author	Talha Mustafa Abdul Sattar Ahmad Sher Sami Ul-Allah Muhammad Ijaz Muhammad Irfan Madiha Butt Mumtaz Cheema
author_facet	Talha Mustafa Abdul Sattar Ahmad Sher Sami Ul-Allah Muhammad Ijaz Muhammad Irfan Madiha Butt Mumtaz Cheema
author_sort	Talha Mustafa
title	Exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms
title_short	Exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms
title_full	Exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms
title_fullStr	Exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed	Exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms
title_sort	exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/463728ef17b0415ab7a46c423851174f
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Exogenous application of silicon improves the performance of wheat under terminal heat stress by triggering physio-biochemical mechanisms

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