Experimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses

Abstract The size of a hard Kα x-ray source ( $${\mathrm{E}}_{{\rm{K}}_{\rm{\alpha }}}$$ E K α = 17.48 keV) produced by a high intensity femtosecond laser interacting with a solid molybdenum target is experimentally investigated for a wide range of laser intensity (I ~ 1017–2.8 × 1019 W/cm2) and for...

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Autores principales:	M. Gambari, R. Clady, L. Videau, O. Utéza, A. Ferré, M. Sentis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/463dc338d56f4b839714548297f46eb4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:463dc338d56f4b839714548297f46eb42021-12-05T12:12:46ZExperimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses10.1038/s41598-021-02585-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/463dc338d56f4b839714548297f46eb42021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02585-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The size of a hard Kα x-ray source ( $${\mathrm{E}}_{{\rm{K}}_{\rm{\alpha }}}$$ E K α = 17.48 keV) produced by a high intensity femtosecond laser interacting with a solid molybdenum target is experimentally investigated for a wide range of laser intensity (I ~ 1017–2.8 × 1019 W/cm2) and for four values of the temporal contrast ratio (6.7 × 107 < CR < 3.3 × 1010). Results point out the size enlargement of the x-ray source with the increase of laser intensity and with the deterioration of temporal contrast. It amounts up to sixteen times the laser spot size at the highest laser intensity and for the lowest temporal contrast ratio. Using hydrodynamic simulations, we evaluate the density scale length of the pre-plasma L/λ just before the main pulse peak. This allows us to show that a direct correlation with the laser absorption mechanisms is not relevant to explain the large size broadening. By varying the thickness of the molybdenum target down to 4 µm, the impact of hot electron scattering inside the solid is also proved irrelevant to explain the evolution of both the x-ray source size and the Kα photon number. We deduce that the most probable mechanism yielding to the broadening of the source size is linked to the creation of surface electromagnetic fields which confine the hot electrons at the solid surface. This assumption is supported by dedicated experiments where the evolution of the size enlargement of the x-ray source is carefully studied as a function of the laser focal spot size for the highest contrast ratio.M. GambariR. CladyL. VideauO. UtézaA. FerréM. SentisNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q M. Gambari R. Clady L. Videau O. Utéza A. Ferré M. Sentis Experimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses
description	Abstract The size of a hard Kα x-ray source ( $${\mathrm{E}}_{{\rm{K}}_{\rm{\alpha }}}$$ E K α = 17.48 keV) produced by a high intensity femtosecond laser interacting with a solid molybdenum target is experimentally investigated for a wide range of laser intensity (I ~ 1017–2.8 × 1019 W/cm2) and for four values of the temporal contrast ratio (6.7 × 107 < CR < 3.3 × 1010). Results point out the size enlargement of the x-ray source with the increase of laser intensity and with the deterioration of temporal contrast. It amounts up to sixteen times the laser spot size at the highest laser intensity and for the lowest temporal contrast ratio. Using hydrodynamic simulations, we evaluate the density scale length of the pre-plasma L/λ just before the main pulse peak. This allows us to show that a direct correlation with the laser absorption mechanisms is not relevant to explain the large size broadening. By varying the thickness of the molybdenum target down to 4 µm, the impact of hot electron scattering inside the solid is also proved irrelevant to explain the evolution of both the x-ray source size and the Kα photon number. We deduce that the most probable mechanism yielding to the broadening of the source size is linked to the creation of surface electromagnetic fields which confine the hot electrons at the solid surface. This assumption is supported by dedicated experiments where the evolution of the size enlargement of the x-ray source is carefully studied as a function of the laser focal spot size for the highest contrast ratio.
format	article
author	M. Gambari R. Clady L. Videau O. Utéza A. Ferré M. Sentis
author_facet	M. Gambari R. Clady L. Videau O. Utéza A. Ferré M. Sentis
author_sort	M. Gambari
title	Experimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses
title_short	Experimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses
title_full	Experimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses
title_fullStr	Experimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses
title_full_unstemmed	Experimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses
title_sort	experimental investigation of size broadening of a kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/463dc338d56f4b839714548297f46eb4
work_keys_str_mv	AT mgambari experimentalinvestigationofsizebroadeningofakaxraysourceproducedbyhighintensitylaserpulses AT rclady experimentalinvestigationofsizebroadeningofakaxraysourceproducedbyhighintensitylaserpulses AT lvideau experimentalinvestigationofsizebroadeningofakaxraysourceproducedbyhighintensitylaserpulses AT outeza experimentalinvestigationofsizebroadeningofakaxraysourceproducedbyhighintensitylaserpulses AT aferre experimentalinvestigationofsizebroadeningofakaxraysourceproducedbyhighintensitylaserpulses AT msentis experimentalinvestigationofsizebroadeningofakaxraysourceproducedbyhighintensitylaserpulses
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Experimental investigation of size broadening of a Kα x-ray source produced by high intensity laser pulses

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