Environmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar

Environmental effects and climate change are lately representing an increasing strain on coastal areas, whose topography strongly depends on these conditions. However, the processes by which weather and environmental phenomena influence the highly variable beach morphology are still unknown. Continu...

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Autores principales:	Valeria Di Biase, Ramon F. Hanssen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	SAR Sentinel-1 amplitude beach environment weather conditions Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4640f4aa670e45e1ad6691f5eedab21f
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:4640f4aa670e45e1ad6691f5eedab21f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4640f4aa670e45e1ad6691f5eedab21f2021-11-11T18:50:05ZEnvironmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar10.3390/rs132142082072-4292https://doaj.org/article/4640f4aa670e45e1ad6691f5eedab21f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4208https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Environmental effects and climate change are lately representing an increasing strain on coastal areas, whose topography strongly depends on these conditions. However, the processes by which weather and environmental phenomena influence the highly variable beach morphology are still unknown. Continuous monitoring of the beach environment is necessary to implement protection strategies. This paper presents the results of an innovative study performed on a coastal area using satellite remote sensing data with the aim of understanding how environmental phenomena affect beaches. Two years of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) Sentinel-1 images are used over a test area in Noordwijk, the Netherlands. At the same time as the SAR acquisitions, information on tidal and weather conditions are collected and integrated from nearby meteorological stations. Dedicated codes are implemented in order to understand the relationship between the SAR amplitude and the considered phenomena: wind, precipitation, and tidal conditions. Surface roughness is taken into account. The results indicate a strong correlation between the amplitude and the wind. No particular correlation or trend could be noticed in the relationship with precipitation. The analysis of the amplitude also shows a decreasing trend moving from the dry area of the beach towards the sea and the correlation coefficient between the amplitude and the tide level gets negative with the increase of the water content.Valeria Di BiaseRamon F. HanssenMDPI AGarticleSARSentinel-1amplitudebeach environmentweather conditionsScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4208, p 4208 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	SAR Sentinel-1 amplitude beach environment weather conditions Science Q
spellingShingle	SAR Sentinel-1 amplitude beach environment weather conditions Science Q Valeria Di Biase Ramon F. Hanssen Environmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
description	Environmental effects and climate change are lately representing an increasing strain on coastal areas, whose topography strongly depends on these conditions. However, the processes by which weather and environmental phenomena influence the highly variable beach morphology are still unknown. Continuous monitoring of the beach environment is necessary to implement protection strategies. This paper presents the results of an innovative study performed on a coastal area using satellite remote sensing data with the aim of understanding how environmental phenomena affect beaches. Two years of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) Sentinel-1 images are used over a test area in Noordwijk, the Netherlands. At the same time as the SAR acquisitions, information on tidal and weather conditions are collected and integrated from nearby meteorological stations. Dedicated codes are implemented in order to understand the relationship between the SAR amplitude and the considered phenomena: wind, precipitation, and tidal conditions. Surface roughness is taken into account. The results indicate a strong correlation between the amplitude and the wind. No particular correlation or trend could be noticed in the relationship with precipitation. The analysis of the amplitude also shows a decreasing trend moving from the dry area of the beach towards the sea and the correlation coefficient between the amplitude and the tide level gets negative with the increase of the water content.
format	article
author	Valeria Di Biase Ramon F. Hanssen
author_facet	Valeria Di Biase Ramon F. Hanssen
author_sort	Valeria Di Biase
title	Environmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
title_short	Environmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
title_full	Environmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
title_fullStr	Environmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
title_full_unstemmed	Environmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
title_sort	environmental strain on beach environments retrieved and monitored by spaceborne synthetic aperture radar
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4640f4aa670e45e1ad6691f5eedab21f
work_keys_str_mv	AT valeriadibiase environmentalstrainonbeachenvironmentsretrievedandmonitoredbyspacebornesyntheticapertureradar AT ramonfhanssen environmentalstrainonbeachenvironmentsretrievedandmonitoredbyspacebornesyntheticapertureradar
_version_	1718431698208686080

Environmental Strain on Beach Environments Retrieved and Monitored by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar

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