Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House

3D printing, is a newly adopted technique in the construction sector with the aim to improve the economics and alleviate environmental impacts. This study assesses the eco-efficiency of 3D printing compared to conventional construction methods in large-scale structural fabrication. A single-storey 3...

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Autores principales:	Hadeer Abdalla, Kazi Parvez Fattah, Mohamed Abdallah, Adil K. Tamimi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	additive manufacturing life cycle assessment life cycle costing sustainable construction concrete Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/466db7d633334273a2b0d87f582e93a7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:466db7d633334273a2b0d87f582e93a72021-11-11T19:38:50ZEnvironmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House10.3390/su1321119782071-1050https://doaj.org/article/466db7d633334273a2b0d87f582e93a72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11978https://doaj.org/toc/2071-10503D printing, is a newly adopted technique in the construction sector with the aim to improve the economics and alleviate environmental impacts. This study assesses the eco-efficiency of 3D printing compared to conventional construction methods in large-scale structural fabrication. A single-storey 3D-printed house was selected in the United Arab Emirates to conduct the comparative assessment against traditional concrete construction. The life cycle assessment (LCA) framework is utilized to quantify the environmental loads of raw materials extraction and manufacturing, as well as energy consumption during construction and operation phases. The economics of the selected structural systems were investigated through life cycle costing analysis (LCCA), that included mainly the construction costs and energy savings. An eco-efficiency analysis was employed to aggregate the results of the LCA and LCCA into a single framework to aid in decision making by selecting the optimum and most eco-efficient alternative. The findings revealed that houses built using additive manufacturing and 3D printed materials were more environmentally favourable. The conventional construction method had higher impacts when compared to the 3D printing method with global warming potential of 1154.20 and 608.55 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq, non-carcinogenic toxicity 675.10 and 11.9 kg 1,4-DCB, and water consumption 233.35 and 183.95 m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The 3D printed house was also found to be an economically viable option, with 78% reduction in the overall capital costs when compared to conventional construction methods. The combined environmental and economic results revealed that the overall process of the 3D-printed house had higher eco efficiency compared to concrete-based construction. The main results of the sensitivity analysis revealed that up to 90% of the environmental impacts in 3D printing mortars can be mitigated with decreasing cement ratios.Hadeer AbdallaKazi Parvez FattahMohamed AbdallahAdil K. TamimiMDPI AGarticleadditive manufacturinglife cycle assessmentlife cycle costingsustainable constructionconcreteEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11978, p 11978 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	additive manufacturing life cycle assessment life cycle costing sustainable construction concrete Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	additive manufacturing life cycle assessment life cycle costing sustainable construction concrete Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Hadeer Abdalla Kazi Parvez Fattah Mohamed Abdallah Adil K. Tamimi Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House
description	3D printing, is a newly adopted technique in the construction sector with the aim to improve the economics and alleviate environmental impacts. This study assesses the eco-efficiency of 3D printing compared to conventional construction methods in large-scale structural fabrication. A single-storey 3D-printed house was selected in the United Arab Emirates to conduct the comparative assessment against traditional concrete construction. The life cycle assessment (LCA) framework is utilized to quantify the environmental loads of raw materials extraction and manufacturing, as well as energy consumption during construction and operation phases. The economics of the selected structural systems were investigated through life cycle costing analysis (LCCA), that included mainly the construction costs and energy savings. An eco-efficiency analysis was employed to aggregate the results of the LCA and LCCA into a single framework to aid in decision making by selecting the optimum and most eco-efficient alternative. The findings revealed that houses built using additive manufacturing and 3D printed materials were more environmentally favourable. The conventional construction method had higher impacts when compared to the 3D printing method with global warming potential of 1154.20 and 608.55 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq, non-carcinogenic toxicity 675.10 and 11.9 kg 1,4-DCB, and water consumption 233.35 and 183.95 m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The 3D printed house was also found to be an economically viable option, with 78% reduction in the overall capital costs when compared to conventional construction methods. The combined environmental and economic results revealed that the overall process of the 3D-printed house had higher eco efficiency compared to concrete-based construction. The main results of the sensitivity analysis revealed that up to 90% of the environmental impacts in 3D printing mortars can be mitigated with decreasing cement ratios.
format	article
author	Hadeer Abdalla Kazi Parvez Fattah Mohamed Abdallah Adil K. Tamimi
author_facet	Hadeer Abdalla Kazi Parvez Fattah Mohamed Abdallah Adil K. Tamimi
author_sort	Hadeer Abdalla
title	Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House
title_short	Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House
title_full	Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House
title_fullStr	Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House
title_full_unstemmed	Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House
title_sort	environmental footprint and economics of a full-scale 3d-printed house
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/466db7d633334273a2b0d87f582e93a7
work_keys_str_mv	AT hadeerabdalla environmentalfootprintandeconomicsofafullscale3dprintedhouse AT kaziparvezfattah environmentalfootprintandeconomicsofafullscale3dprintedhouse AT mohamedabdallah environmentalfootprintandeconomicsofafullscale3dprintedhouse AT adilktamimi environmentalfootprintandeconomicsofafullscale3dprintedhouse
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Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House

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