Autoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome

Abstract Background Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory neuropathy with a heterogeneous presentation. Although some evidences support the role of autoantibodies in its pathogenesis, the target antigens remain unknown in a substantial proportion of GBS patients. The objective of th...

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Autores principales:	Cinta Lleixà, Lorena Martín-Aguilar, Elba Pascual-Goñi, Teresa Franco, Marta Caballero, Noemí de Luna, Eduard Gallardo, Xavier Suárez-Calvet, Laura Martínez-Martínez, Jordi Diaz-Manera, Ricard Rojas-García, Elena Cortés-Vicente, Joana Turón, Carlos Casasnovas, Christian Homedes, Gerardo Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, María Concepción Jimeno-Montero, José Berciano, Maria José Sedano-Tous, Tania García-Sobrino, Julio Pardo-Fernández, Celedonio Márquez-Infante, Iñigo Rojas-Marcos, Ivonne Jericó-Pascual, Eugenia Martínez-Hernández, Germán Morís de la Tassa, Cristina Domínguez-González, Cándido Juárez, Isabel Illa, Luis Querol
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) Autoantibodies Anti-ganglioside Neurons Prognosis Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4683d496544444ce8ced3a1c5a156d32
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4683d496544444ce8ced3a1c5a156d322021-11-08T11:14:11ZAutoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome10.1186/s12974-021-02301-01742-2094https://doaj.org/article/4683d496544444ce8ced3a1c5a156d322021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-021-02301-0https://doaj.org/toc/1742-2094Abstract Background Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory neuropathy with a heterogeneous presentation. Although some evidences support the role of autoantibodies in its pathogenesis, the target antigens remain unknown in a substantial proportion of GBS patients. The objective of this study is to screen for autoantibodies targeting peripheral nerve components in Guillain–Barré syndrome. Methods Autoantibody screening was performed in serum samples from all GBS patients included in the International GBS Outcome study by 11 different Spanish centres. The screening included testing for anti-ganglioside antibodies, anti-nodo/paranodal antibodies, immunocytochemistry on neuroblastoma-derived human motor neurons and murine dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, and immunohistochemistry on monkey peripheral nerve sections. We analysed the staining patterns of patients and controls. The prognostic value of anti-ganglioside antibodies was also analysed. Results None of the GBS patients (n = 100) reacted against the nodo/paranodal proteins tested, and 61 (61%) were positive for, at least, one anti-ganglioside antibody. GBS sera reacted strongly against DRG neurons more frequently than controls both with IgG (6% vs 0%; p = 0.03) and IgM (11% vs 2.2%; p = 0.02) immunodetection. No differences were observed in the proportion of patients reacting against neuroblastoma-derived human motor neurons. Reactivity against monkey nerve tissue was frequently detected both in patients and controls, but specific patterns were only detected in GBS patients: IgG from 13 (13%) patients reacted strongly against Schwann cells. Finally, we confirmed that IgG anti-GM1 antibodies are associated with poorer outcomes independently of other known prognostic factors. Conclusion Our study confirms that (1) GBS patients display a heterogeneous repertoire of autoantibodies targeting nerve cells and structures; (2) gangliosides are the most frequent antigens in GBS patients and have a prognostic value; (3) further antigen-discovery experiments may elucidate other potential antigens in GBS.Cinta LleixàLorena Martín-AguilarElba Pascual-GoñiTeresa FrancoMarta CaballeroNoemí de LunaEduard GallardoXavier Suárez-CalvetLaura Martínez-MartínezJordi Diaz-ManeraRicard Rojas-GarcíaElena Cortés-VicenteJoana TurónCarlos CasasnovasChristian HomedesGerardo Gutiérrez-GutiérrezMaría Concepción Jimeno-MonteroJosé BercianoMaria José Sedano-TousTania García-SobrinoJulio Pardo-FernándezCeledonio Márquez-InfanteIñigo Rojas-MarcosIvonne Jericó-PascualEugenia Martínez-HernándezGermán Morís de la TassaCristina Domínguez-GonzálezCándido JuárezIsabel IllaLuis QuerolBMCarticleGuillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)AutoantibodiesAnti-gangliosideNeuronsPrognosisNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENJournal of Neuroinflammation, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) Autoantibodies Anti-ganglioside Neurons Prognosis Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) Autoantibodies Anti-ganglioside Neurons Prognosis Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Cinta Lleixà Lorena Martín-Aguilar Elba Pascual-Goñi Teresa Franco Marta Caballero Noemí de Luna Eduard Gallardo Xavier Suárez-Calvet Laura Martínez-Martínez Jordi Diaz-Manera Ricard Rojas-García Elena Cortés-Vicente Joana Turón Carlos Casasnovas Christian Homedes Gerardo Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez María Concepción Jimeno-Montero José Berciano Maria José Sedano-Tous Tania García-Sobrino Julio Pardo-Fernández Celedonio Márquez-Infante Iñigo Rojas-Marcos Ivonne Jericó-Pascual Eugenia Martínez-Hernández Germán Morís de la Tassa Cristina Domínguez-González Cándido Juárez Isabel Illa Luis Querol Autoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome
description	Abstract Background Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory neuropathy with a heterogeneous presentation. Although some evidences support the role of autoantibodies in its pathogenesis, the target antigens remain unknown in a substantial proportion of GBS patients. The objective of this study is to screen for autoantibodies targeting peripheral nerve components in Guillain–Barré syndrome. Methods Autoantibody screening was performed in serum samples from all GBS patients included in the International GBS Outcome study by 11 different Spanish centres. The screening included testing for anti-ganglioside antibodies, anti-nodo/paranodal antibodies, immunocytochemistry on neuroblastoma-derived human motor neurons and murine dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, and immunohistochemistry on monkey peripheral nerve sections. We analysed the staining patterns of patients and controls. The prognostic value of anti-ganglioside antibodies was also analysed. Results None of the GBS patients (n = 100) reacted against the nodo/paranodal proteins tested, and 61 (61%) were positive for, at least, one anti-ganglioside antibody. GBS sera reacted strongly against DRG neurons more frequently than controls both with IgG (6% vs 0%; p = 0.03) and IgM (11% vs 2.2%; p = 0.02) immunodetection. No differences were observed in the proportion of patients reacting against neuroblastoma-derived human motor neurons. Reactivity against monkey nerve tissue was frequently detected both in patients and controls, but specific patterns were only detected in GBS patients: IgG from 13 (13%) patients reacted strongly against Schwann cells. Finally, we confirmed that IgG anti-GM1 antibodies are associated with poorer outcomes independently of other known prognostic factors. Conclusion Our study confirms that (1) GBS patients display a heterogeneous repertoire of autoantibodies targeting nerve cells and structures; (2) gangliosides are the most frequent antigens in GBS patients and have a prognostic value; (3) further antigen-discovery experiments may elucidate other potential antigens in GBS.
format	article
author	Cinta Lleixà Lorena Martín-Aguilar Elba Pascual-Goñi Teresa Franco Marta Caballero Noemí de Luna Eduard Gallardo Xavier Suárez-Calvet Laura Martínez-Martínez Jordi Diaz-Manera Ricard Rojas-García Elena Cortés-Vicente Joana Turón Carlos Casasnovas Christian Homedes Gerardo Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez María Concepción Jimeno-Montero José Berciano Maria José Sedano-Tous Tania García-Sobrino Julio Pardo-Fernández Celedonio Márquez-Infante Iñigo Rojas-Marcos Ivonne Jericó-Pascual Eugenia Martínez-Hernández Germán Morís de la Tassa Cristina Domínguez-González Cándido Juárez Isabel Illa Luis Querol
author_facet	Cinta Lleixà Lorena Martín-Aguilar Elba Pascual-Goñi Teresa Franco Marta Caballero Noemí de Luna Eduard Gallardo Xavier Suárez-Calvet Laura Martínez-Martínez Jordi Diaz-Manera Ricard Rojas-García Elena Cortés-Vicente Joana Turón Carlos Casasnovas Christian Homedes Gerardo Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez María Concepción Jimeno-Montero José Berciano Maria José Sedano-Tous Tania García-Sobrino Julio Pardo-Fernández Celedonio Márquez-Infante Iñigo Rojas-Marcos Ivonne Jericó-Pascual Eugenia Martínez-Hernández Germán Morís de la Tassa Cristina Domínguez-González Cándido Juárez Isabel Illa Luis Querol
author_sort	Cinta Lleixà
title	Autoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome
title_short	Autoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome
title_full	Autoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome
title_fullStr	Autoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome
title_full_unstemmed	Autoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome
title_sort	autoantibody screening in guillain–barré syndrome
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4683d496544444ce8ced3a1c5a156d32
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Autoantibody screening in Guillain–Barré syndrome

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