Phillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

Background: The risk of co-epidemic between COVID-19 and influenza is very high, so it is urgent to find a treatment strategy for the co-infection. Previous studies have shown that phillyrin can not only inhibit the replication of the two viruses, but also has a good anti-inflammatory effect, which...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Yanni Lai, Tiantian Han, Zizhao Lao, Geng Li, Jianyong Xiao, Xiaohong Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	phillyrin Covid-19 influenza co-infection bioinformatics analysis Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/46a3e4914d2d46559757c39824966b46
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:46a3e4914d2d46559757c39824966b46
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:46a3e4914d2d46559757c39824966b462021-11-04T05:35:34ZPhillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis1663-981210.3389/fphar.2021.754241https://doaj.org/article/46a3e4914d2d46559757c39824966b462021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.754241/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1663-9812Background: The risk of co-epidemic between COVID-19 and influenza is very high, so it is urgent to find a treatment strategy for the co-infection. Previous studies have shown that phillyrin can not only inhibit the replication of the two viruses, but also has a good anti-inflammatory effect, which is expected to become a candidate compound against COVID-19 and influenza.Objective: To explore the possibility of phillyrin as a candidate compound for the treatment of COVID-19 and influenza co-infection and to speculate its potential regulatory mechanism.Methods: We used a series of bioinformatics network pharmacology methods to understand and characterize the pharmacological targets, biological functions, and therapeutic mechanisms of phillyrin in COVID-19 and influenza co-infection and discover its therapeutic potential.Results: We revealed potential targets, biological processes, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and upstream pathway activity of phillyrin against COVID-19 and influenza co-infection. We constructed protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and identified 50 hub genes, such as MMP9, IL-2, VEGFA, AKT, and HIF-1A. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the treatment of phillyrin for COVID-19 and influenza co-infection was associated with immune balance and regulation of hypoxia-cytokine storm, including HIF-1 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, and T cell receptor signaling pathway.Conclusion: For the first time, we uncovered the potential targets and biological pathways of phillyrin for COVID-19 and influenza co-infection. These findings should solve the urgent problem of co-infection of COVID-19 and influenza that the world will face in the future, but clinical drug trials are needed for verification in the future.Yanni LaiTiantian HanZizhao LaoZizhao LaoGeng LiJianyong XiaoXiaohong LiuFrontiers Media S.A.articlephillyrinCovid-19influenzaco-infectionbioinformatics analysisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENFrontiers in Pharmacology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	phillyrin Covid-19 influenza co-infection bioinformatics analysis Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	phillyrin Covid-19 influenza co-infection bioinformatics analysis Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Yanni Lai Tiantian Han Zizhao Lao Zizhao Lao Geng Li Jianyong Xiao Xiaohong Liu Phillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
description	Background: The risk of co-epidemic between COVID-19 and influenza is very high, so it is urgent to find a treatment strategy for the co-infection. Previous studies have shown that phillyrin can not only inhibit the replication of the two viruses, but also has a good anti-inflammatory effect, which is expected to become a candidate compound against COVID-19 and influenza.Objective: To explore the possibility of phillyrin as a candidate compound for the treatment of COVID-19 and influenza co-infection and to speculate its potential regulatory mechanism.Methods: We used a series of bioinformatics network pharmacology methods to understand and characterize the pharmacological targets, biological functions, and therapeutic mechanisms of phillyrin in COVID-19 and influenza co-infection and discover its therapeutic potential.Results: We revealed potential targets, biological processes, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and upstream pathway activity of phillyrin against COVID-19 and influenza co-infection. We constructed protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and identified 50 hub genes, such as MMP9, IL-2, VEGFA, AKT, and HIF-1A. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the treatment of phillyrin for COVID-19 and influenza co-infection was associated with immune balance and regulation of hypoxia-cytokine storm, including HIF-1 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, and T cell receptor signaling pathway.Conclusion: For the first time, we uncovered the potential targets and biological pathways of phillyrin for COVID-19 and influenza co-infection. These findings should solve the urgent problem of co-infection of COVID-19 and influenza that the world will face in the future, but clinical drug trials are needed for verification in the future.
format	article
author	Yanni Lai Tiantian Han Zizhao Lao Zizhao Lao Geng Li Jianyong Xiao Xiaohong Liu
author_facet	Yanni Lai Tiantian Han Zizhao Lao Zizhao Lao Geng Li Jianyong Xiao Xiaohong Liu
author_sort	Yanni Lai
title	Phillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
title_short	Phillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
title_full	Phillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
title_fullStr	Phillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Phillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
title_sort	phillyrin for covid-19 and influenza co-infection: a potential therapeutic strategy targeting host based on bioinformatics analysis
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/46a3e4914d2d46559757c39824966b46
work_keys_str_mv	AT yannilai phillyrinforcovid19andinfluenzacoinfectionapotentialtherapeuticstrategytargetinghostbasedonbioinformaticsanalysis AT tiantianhan phillyrinforcovid19andinfluenzacoinfectionapotentialtherapeuticstrategytargetinghostbasedonbioinformaticsanalysis AT zizhaolao phillyrinforcovid19andinfluenzacoinfectionapotentialtherapeuticstrategytargetinghostbasedonbioinformaticsanalysis AT zizhaolao phillyrinforcovid19andinfluenzacoinfectionapotentialtherapeuticstrategytargetinghostbasedonbioinformaticsanalysis AT gengli phillyrinforcovid19andinfluenzacoinfectionapotentialtherapeuticstrategytargetinghostbasedonbioinformaticsanalysis AT jianyongxiao phillyrinforcovid19andinfluenzacoinfectionapotentialtherapeuticstrategytargetinghostbasedonbioinformaticsanalysis AT xiaohongliu phillyrinforcovid19andinfluenzacoinfectionapotentialtherapeuticstrategytargetinghostbasedonbioinformaticsanalysis
_version_	1718445205257977856

Phillyrin for COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Host Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

Ejemplares similares