Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters

Monolithic cryogels from starch were successfully synthesized and applied as alternative biodegradable filters for the first time. Rice flour was cross-linked with Ca<sup>2+</sup> from limewater during gelatinization before being frozen and then thawed for three cycles. The resultant mat...

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Autores principales:	Chanita Boonkanon, Kharittha Phatthanawiwat, Laemthong Chuenchom, Nareumon Lamthornkit, Tarawee Taweekarn, Worawit Wongniramaikul, Aree Choodum
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	starch limewater biodegradable cryogel biodegradable filter macropore Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/46ae9af9145843a098985013957de50d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:46ae9af9145843a098985013957de50d2021-11-25T18:48:58ZPreparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters10.3390/polym132239752073-4360https://doaj.org/article/46ae9af9145843a098985013957de50d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3975https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Monolithic cryogels from starch were successfully synthesized and applied as alternative biodegradable filters for the first time. Rice flour was cross-linked with Ca<sup>2+</sup> from limewater during gelatinization before being frozen and then thawed for three cycles. The resultant material was then soaked in ethanol for 3 h before incubation at 80 °C for 1 h, yielding monolithic material with interconnected pores in sizes of 51 ± 18 to 52 ± 15 µm without any need of freeze-drying. The cryogels possessed macroporous structure with specific surface areas from 1.1 to 4.3 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>, they could adsorb water from 599 ± 27 to 635 ± 59% of their dry weight with low swelling ratios of 6.0 ± 0.3 to 6.4 ± 0.6 g<sub>water</sub>/g<sub>cryogel</sub>, and could be applied as biofilters to remove suspended particles and reduce the light absorption of water sample from 25 ± 3 to 96 ± 5%. The prepared biofilters can be re-used up to three times, although they cost only USD 0.0004/piece. Complete weight loss resulted from burial in soil for 30 days, indicating environmentally friendly biodegradation and potential for environmental applications.Chanita BoonkanonKharittha PhatthanawiwatLaemthong ChuenchomNareumon LamthornkitTarawee TaweekarnWorawit WongniramaikulAree ChoodumMDPI AGarticlestarchlimewaterbiodegradable cryogelbiodegradable filtermacroporeOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3975, p 3975 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	starch limewater biodegradable cryogel biodegradable filter macropore Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	starch limewater biodegradable cryogel biodegradable filter macropore Organic chemistry QD241-441 Chanita Boonkanon Kharittha Phatthanawiwat Laemthong Chuenchom Nareumon Lamthornkit Tarawee Taweekarn Worawit Wongniramaikul Aree Choodum Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters
description	Monolithic cryogels from starch were successfully synthesized and applied as alternative biodegradable filters for the first time. Rice flour was cross-linked with Ca<sup>2+</sup> from limewater during gelatinization before being frozen and then thawed for three cycles. The resultant material was then soaked in ethanol for 3 h before incubation at 80 °C for 1 h, yielding monolithic material with interconnected pores in sizes of 51 ± 18 to 52 ± 15 µm without any need of freeze-drying. The cryogels possessed macroporous structure with specific surface areas from 1.1 to 4.3 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>, they could adsorb water from 599 ± 27 to 635 ± 59% of their dry weight with low swelling ratios of 6.0 ± 0.3 to 6.4 ± 0.6 g<sub>water</sub>/g<sub>cryogel</sub>, and could be applied as biofilters to remove suspended particles and reduce the light absorption of water sample from 25 ± 3 to 96 ± 5%. The prepared biofilters can be re-used up to three times, although they cost only USD 0.0004/piece. Complete weight loss resulted from burial in soil for 30 days, indicating environmentally friendly biodegradation and potential for environmental applications.
format	article
author	Chanita Boonkanon Kharittha Phatthanawiwat Laemthong Chuenchom Nareumon Lamthornkit Tarawee Taweekarn Worawit Wongniramaikul Aree Choodum
author_facet	Chanita Boonkanon Kharittha Phatthanawiwat Laemthong Chuenchom Nareumon Lamthornkit Tarawee Taweekarn Worawit Wongniramaikul Aree Choodum
author_sort	Chanita Boonkanon
title	Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters
title_short	Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters
title_full	Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters
title_fullStr	Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters
title_sort	preparation and characterization of calcium cross-linked starch monolithic cryogels and their application as cost-effective green filters
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/46ae9af9145843a098985013957de50d
work_keys_str_mv	AT chanitaboonkanon preparationandcharacterizationofcalciumcrosslinkedstarchmonolithiccryogelsandtheirapplicationascosteffectivegreenfilters AT kharitthaphatthanawiwat preparationandcharacterizationofcalciumcrosslinkedstarchmonolithiccryogelsandtheirapplicationascosteffectivegreenfilters AT laemthongchuenchom preparationandcharacterizationofcalciumcrosslinkedstarchmonolithiccryogelsandtheirapplicationascosteffectivegreenfilters AT nareumonlamthornkit preparationandcharacterizationofcalciumcrosslinkedstarchmonolithiccryogelsandtheirapplicationascosteffectivegreenfilters AT taraweetaweekarn preparationandcharacterizationofcalciumcrosslinkedstarchmonolithiccryogelsandtheirapplicationascosteffectivegreenfilters AT worawitwongniramaikul preparationandcharacterizationofcalciumcrosslinkedstarchmonolithiccryogelsandtheirapplicationascosteffectivegreenfilters AT areechoodum preparationandcharacterizationofcalciumcrosslinkedstarchmonolithiccryogelsandtheirapplicationascosteffectivegreenfilters
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Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Monolithic Cryogels and Their Application as Cost-Effective Green Filters

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