Aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.

The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris, (Homoptera: Aphididae) releases the volatile sesquiterpene (E)-beta-farnesene (EBF) when attacked by a predator, triggering escape responses in the aphid colony. Recently, it was shown that this alarm pheromone also mediates the production of the winged dis...

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Autores principales:	Eduardo Hatano, Grit Kunert, Wolfgang W Weisser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/46b23773777c45a6b27b23a7c0b78d23
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:46b23773777c45a6b27b23a7c0b78d232021-12-02T20:20:35ZAphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0011188https://doaj.org/article/46b23773777c45a6b27b23a7c0b78d232010-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20585639/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris, (Homoptera: Aphididae) releases the volatile sesquiterpene (E)-beta-farnesene (EBF) when attacked by a predator, triggering escape responses in the aphid colony. Recently, it was shown that this alarm pheromone also mediates the production of the winged dispersal morph under laboratory conditions. The present work tested the wing-inducing effect of EBF under field conditions. Aphid colonies were exposed to two treatments (control and EBF) and tested in two different environmental conditions (field and laboratory). As in previous experiments aphids produced higher proportion of winged morphs among their offspring when exposed to EBF in the laboratory but even under field conditions the proportion of winged offspring was higher after EBF application (6.84+/-0.98%) compared to the hexane control (1.54+/-0.25%). In the field, the proportion of adult aphids found on the plant at the end of the experiment was lower in the EBF treatment (58.1+/-5.5%) than in the control (66.9+/-4.6%), in contrast to the climate chamber test where the numbers of adult aphids found on the plant at the end of the experiment were, in both treatments, similar to the numbers put on the plant initially. Our results show that the role of EBF in aphid wing induction is also apparent under field conditions and they may indicate a potential cost of EBF emission. They also emphasize the importance of investigating the ecological role of induced defences under field conditions.Eduardo HatanoGrit KunertWolfgang W WeisserPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 6, p e11188 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Eduardo Hatano Grit Kunert Wolfgang W Weisser Aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.
description	The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris, (Homoptera: Aphididae) releases the volatile sesquiterpene (E)-beta-farnesene (EBF) when attacked by a predator, triggering escape responses in the aphid colony. Recently, it was shown that this alarm pheromone also mediates the production of the winged dispersal morph under laboratory conditions. The present work tested the wing-inducing effect of EBF under field conditions. Aphid colonies were exposed to two treatments (control and EBF) and tested in two different environmental conditions (field and laboratory). As in previous experiments aphids produced higher proportion of winged morphs among their offspring when exposed to EBF in the laboratory but even under field conditions the proportion of winged offspring was higher after EBF application (6.84+/-0.98%) compared to the hexane control (1.54+/-0.25%). In the field, the proportion of adult aphids found on the plant at the end of the experiment was lower in the EBF treatment (58.1+/-5.5%) than in the control (66.9+/-4.6%), in contrast to the climate chamber test where the numbers of adult aphids found on the plant at the end of the experiment were, in both treatments, similar to the numbers put on the plant initially. Our results show that the role of EBF in aphid wing induction is also apparent under field conditions and they may indicate a potential cost of EBF emission. They also emphasize the importance of investigating the ecological role of induced defences under field conditions.
format	article
author	Eduardo Hatano Grit Kunert Wolfgang W Weisser
author_facet	Eduardo Hatano Grit Kunert Wolfgang W Weisser
author_sort	Eduardo Hatano
title	Aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.
title_short	Aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.
title_full	Aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.
title_fullStr	Aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.
title_full_unstemmed	Aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.
title_sort	aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/46b23773777c45a6b27b23a7c0b78d23
work_keys_str_mv	AT eduardohatano aphidwinginductionandecologicalcostsofalarmpheromoneemissionunderfieldconditions AT gritkunert aphidwinginductionandecologicalcostsofalarmpheromoneemissionunderfieldconditions AT wolfgangwweisser aphidwinginductionandecologicalcostsofalarmpheromoneemissionunderfieldconditions
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Aphid wing induction and ecological costs of alarm pheromone emission under field conditions.

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