Trial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattle

This study was established in order to investigate the effect of feeding of germanium biotite (GB) on the immune response of vaccinated calves to FMD trivalent oil vaccine. The study was carried out on two levels: an experimental level followed by field application level. Experimental level applied...

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Autores principales:	Ehab El-Sayed Ibrahim, Mossad, W. G., Gamil,M. A.
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Egyptian Society for Animal Management 2018
Materias:	germanium biotite trivalent fmd oil vaccine cattle immune response Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801
Acceso en línea:	https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/javs.2018.62721 https://doaj.org/article/46e565ee979c4f2d82f03da940a352e4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:46e565ee979c4f2d82f03da940a352e42021-12-02T16:35:21ZTrial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattlehttps://dx.doi.org/10.21608/javs.2018.627211687-40722090-3308https://doaj.org/article/46e565ee979c4f2d82f03da940a352e42018-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://javs.journals.ekb.eg/article_62721.htmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/1687-4072https://doaj.org/toc/2090-3308This study was established in order to investigate the effect of feeding of germanium biotite (GB) on the immune response of vaccinated calves to FMD trivalent oil vaccine. The study was carried out on two levels: an experimental level followed by field application level. Experimental level applied on 30 calves divided into six groups where group (1) was vaccinated with the trivalent oil FMD vaccine only while groups (2, 3, 4 and 5) were fed two weeks pre vaccination with 1, 2, 3 and 4 gram/100kgm body weight germanium biotite (% B.wt. GB) respectively and group (6) was left as a negative control group. The humoral response of calves were determined by serum neutralization test (SNT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while the cellular immune response were detected by lymphocyte blastogenesis assay, phagocytic activity beside estimation the level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-12. The protective antibody titer in the non-fed vaccinated group and the 1% B.wt. GB feed group extend till 32 weeks post vaccination, while in the 2% B.wt. GB feed group it was extended to 34 week post vaccination. The longest immune duration was achieved in the 3 and 4% B.wt. GB feed group as the protective antibodies extended till 36 week post vaccination. The results of cellular immunity showed the peak of lymphocyte blastogenesis and IL-6 appear earlier at 7 day post vaccination in 3% and 4% B.wt. GB feed groups than the other groups, the phagocytic percentage, phagocytic index and IL-12 peak was achieved earlier at 14 days post vaccination in 3% and 4% B.wt. GB feed groups than the other groups. There is no difference between the 3% and 4% B.wt. GB feeding groups. Field application on 50 calves feed on 3% B.wt. GB 2 weeks before vaccination with trivalent FMD oil vaccine confirm the above results. So it could be concluded that ingestion of GB has a potentiate effect on the immune response of cattle to the trivalent oil FMD vaccine providing high protective antibody levels of rapid onset and long duration when administrated 2 week pre-vaccination with a concentration 3% B.wt. GB. Ehab El-Sayed IbrahimMossad, W. G.Gamil,M. A.Egyptian Society for Animal Managementarticlegermanium biotitetrivalent fmd oil vaccinecattleimmune responseZoologyQL1-991Veterinary medicineSF600-1100Animal biochemistryQP501-801ENJournal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 12-25 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	germanium biotite trivalent fmd oil vaccine cattle immune response Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801
spellingShingle	germanium biotite trivalent fmd oil vaccine cattle immune response Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801 Ehab El-Sayed Ibrahim Mossad, W. G. Gamil,M. A. Trial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattle
description	This study was established in order to investigate the effect of feeding of germanium biotite (GB) on the immune response of vaccinated calves to FMD trivalent oil vaccine. The study was carried out on two levels: an experimental level followed by field application level. Experimental level applied on 30 calves divided into six groups where group (1) was vaccinated with the trivalent oil FMD vaccine only while groups (2, 3, 4 and 5) were fed two weeks pre vaccination with 1, 2, 3 and 4 gram/100kgm body weight germanium biotite (% B.wt. GB) respectively and group (6) was left as a negative control group. The humoral response of calves were determined by serum neutralization test (SNT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while the cellular immune response were detected by lymphocyte blastogenesis assay, phagocytic activity beside estimation the level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-12. The protective antibody titer in the non-fed vaccinated group and the 1% B.wt. GB feed group extend till 32 weeks post vaccination, while in the 2% B.wt. GB feed group it was extended to 34 week post vaccination. The longest immune duration was achieved in the 3 and 4% B.wt. GB feed group as the protective antibodies extended till 36 week post vaccination. The results of cellular immunity showed the peak of lymphocyte blastogenesis and IL-6 appear earlier at 7 day post vaccination in 3% and 4% B.wt. GB feed groups than the other groups, the phagocytic percentage, phagocytic index and IL-12 peak was achieved earlier at 14 days post vaccination in 3% and 4% B.wt. GB feed groups than the other groups. There is no difference between the 3% and 4% B.wt. GB feeding groups. Field application on 50 calves feed on 3% B.wt. GB 2 weeks before vaccination with trivalent FMD oil vaccine confirm the above results. So it could be concluded that ingestion of GB has a potentiate effect on the immune response of cattle to the trivalent oil FMD vaccine providing high protective antibody levels of rapid onset and long duration when administrated 2 week pre-vaccination with a concentration 3% B.wt. GB.
format	article
author	Ehab El-Sayed Ibrahim Mossad, W. G. Gamil,M. A.
author_facet	Ehab El-Sayed Ibrahim Mossad, W. G. Gamil,M. A.
author_sort	Ehab El-Sayed Ibrahim
title	Trial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattle
title_short	Trial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattle
title_full	Trial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattle
title_fullStr	Trial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattle
title_full_unstemmed	Trial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattle
title_sort	trial of using germanium biotite as immune stimulant to foot and mouth disease virus vaccine in cattle
publisher	Egyptian Society for Animal Management
publishDate	2018
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/javs.2018.62721 https://doaj.org/article/46e565ee979c4f2d82f03da940a352e4
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Trial of Using Germanium Biotite as Immune Stimulant to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Cattle

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