Bright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Sleep disorders and depression are significant nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) of Parkinson disease (PD). However, few effective, evidence-proven medical treatments are available for alleviating these symptoms. Bright light therapy (BLT) is a well-established treatment for circadian rhythm sleep disorders...

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Autores principales:	Hsu-Tung Huang, Tsai-Wei Huang, Chien-Tai Hong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Parkinson disease bright light therapy meta-analysis Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/46f8319b453549138845f983504cf5de
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:46f8319b453549138845f983504cf5de2021-11-25T16:48:04ZBright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials10.3390/biology101112052079-7737https://doaj.org/article/46f8319b453549138845f983504cf5de2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1205https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737Sleep disorders and depression are significant nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) of Parkinson disease (PD). However, few effective, evidence-proven medical treatments are available for alleviating these symptoms. Bright light therapy (BLT) is a well-established treatment for circadian rhythm sleep disorders and seasonal affective disorder. The present study conducted a literature review for the effect of BLT on PD, especially a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We searched for studies using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. The major outcomes were the effects on sleep and depression. The effect on motor symptoms was also analyzed as a secondary outcome. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020204454). Six studies were included in the literature review only, and the other five RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Despite the positive effects of BLT on PD patients, which were demonstrated in noncontrolled studies, in the meta-analysis of the RCTs, BLT did not significantly improve the depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference (SMD): −0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.48 to 0.17, <i>p</i> = 0.36) and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (SMD: −0.12, 95% CI: −0.49 to 0.25, <i>p</i> = 0.53) in PD patients. Regarding motor symptoms, no significant beneficial effects were conferred (SMD: −0.11, 95% CI: −0.44 to 0.21, <i>p</i> = 0.49). In conclusion, BLT did not significantly alleviate depression and sleepiness. The inconsistency between BLT protocols, such as the varied timing, dosages, and treatment durations, may render BLT’s efficacy difficult to demonstrate. The small effect size obtained from the present meta-analysis indicates that future RCTs are necessary, for which BLT protocols are standardized and more patients are enrolled to determine whether a significant therapeutic benefit was conferred.Hsu-Tung HuangTsai-Wei HuangChien-Tai HongMDPI AGarticleParkinson diseasebright light therapymeta-analysisBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiology, Vol 10, Iss 1205, p 1205 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Parkinson disease bright light therapy meta-analysis Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Parkinson disease bright light therapy meta-analysis Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Hsu-Tung Huang Tsai-Wei Huang Chien-Tai Hong Bright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
description	Sleep disorders and depression are significant nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) of Parkinson disease (PD). However, few effective, evidence-proven medical treatments are available for alleviating these symptoms. Bright light therapy (BLT) is a well-established treatment for circadian rhythm sleep disorders and seasonal affective disorder. The present study conducted a literature review for the effect of BLT on PD, especially a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We searched for studies using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. The major outcomes were the effects on sleep and depression. The effect on motor symptoms was also analyzed as a secondary outcome. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020204454). Six studies were included in the literature review only, and the other five RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Despite the positive effects of BLT on PD patients, which were demonstrated in noncontrolled studies, in the meta-analysis of the RCTs, BLT did not significantly improve the depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference (SMD): −0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.48 to 0.17, <i>p</i> = 0.36) and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (SMD: −0.12, 95% CI: −0.49 to 0.25, <i>p</i> = 0.53) in PD patients. Regarding motor symptoms, no significant beneficial effects were conferred (SMD: −0.11, 95% CI: −0.44 to 0.21, <i>p</i> = 0.49). In conclusion, BLT did not significantly alleviate depression and sleepiness. The inconsistency between BLT protocols, such as the varied timing, dosages, and treatment durations, may render BLT’s efficacy difficult to demonstrate. The small effect size obtained from the present meta-analysis indicates that future RCTs are necessary, for which BLT protocols are standardized and more patients are enrolled to determine whether a significant therapeutic benefit was conferred.
format	article
author	Hsu-Tung Huang Tsai-Wei Huang Chien-Tai Hong
author_facet	Hsu-Tung Huang Tsai-Wei Huang Chien-Tai Hong
author_sort	Hsu-Tung Huang
title	Bright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_short	Bright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_full	Bright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_fullStr	Bright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_full_unstemmed	Bright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_sort	bright light therapy for parkinson disease: a literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/46f8319b453549138845f983504cf5de
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Bright Light Therapy for Parkinson Disease: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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