The intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.

The methanoarchaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii are known to be part of the indigenous human gut microbiota. Although the immunomodulatory effects of bacterial gut commensals have been studied extensively in the last decade, the impact of methanoarchaea in human's he...

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Autores principales:	Corinna Bang, Katrin Weidenbach, Thomas Gutsmann, Holger Heine, Ruth A Schmitz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/471930f907b540a29814ef789996dd9f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:471930f907b540a29814ef789996dd9f2021-11-18T08:16:17ZThe intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0099411https://doaj.org/article/471930f907b540a29814ef789996dd9f2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24915454/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The methanoarchaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii are known to be part of the indigenous human gut microbiota. Although the immunomodulatory effects of bacterial gut commensals have been studied extensively in the last decade, the impact of methanoarchaea in human's health and disease was rarely examined. Consequently, we studied and report here on the effects of M. stadtmanae and M. smithii on human immune cells. Whereas exposure to M. stadtmanae leads to substantial release of proinflammatory cytokines in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), only weak activation was detected after incubation with M. smithii. Phagocytosis of M. stadtmanae by moDCs was demonstrated by confocal microscopy as well as transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and shown to be crucial for cellular activation by using specific inhibitors. Both strains, albeit to different extents, initiate a maturation program in moDCs as revealed by up-regulation of the cell-surface receptors CD86 and CD197 suggesting additional activation of adaptive immune responses. Furthermore, M. stadtmanae and M. smithii were capable to alter the gene expression of antimicrobial peptides in moDCs to different extents. Taken together, our findings strongly argue that the archaeal gut inhabitants M. stadtmanae and M. smithii are specifically recognized by the human innate immune system. Moreover, both strains are capable of inducing an inflammatory cytokine response to different extents arguing that they might have diverse immunomodulatory functions. In conclusion, we propose that the impact of intestinal methanoarchaea on pathological conditions involving the gut microbiota has been underestimated until now.Corinna BangKatrin WeidenbachThomas GutsmannHolger HeineRuth A SchmitzPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e99411 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Corinna Bang Katrin Weidenbach Thomas Gutsmann Holger Heine Ruth A Schmitz The intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.
description	The methanoarchaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii are known to be part of the indigenous human gut microbiota. Although the immunomodulatory effects of bacterial gut commensals have been studied extensively in the last decade, the impact of methanoarchaea in human's health and disease was rarely examined. Consequently, we studied and report here on the effects of M. stadtmanae and M. smithii on human immune cells. Whereas exposure to M. stadtmanae leads to substantial release of proinflammatory cytokines in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), only weak activation was detected after incubation with M. smithii. Phagocytosis of M. stadtmanae by moDCs was demonstrated by confocal microscopy as well as transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and shown to be crucial for cellular activation by using specific inhibitors. Both strains, albeit to different extents, initiate a maturation program in moDCs as revealed by up-regulation of the cell-surface receptors CD86 and CD197 suggesting additional activation of adaptive immune responses. Furthermore, M. stadtmanae and M. smithii were capable to alter the gene expression of antimicrobial peptides in moDCs to different extents. Taken together, our findings strongly argue that the archaeal gut inhabitants M. stadtmanae and M. smithii are specifically recognized by the human innate immune system. Moreover, both strains are capable of inducing an inflammatory cytokine response to different extents arguing that they might have diverse immunomodulatory functions. In conclusion, we propose that the impact of intestinal methanoarchaea on pathological conditions involving the gut microbiota has been underestimated until now.
format	article
author	Corinna Bang Katrin Weidenbach Thomas Gutsmann Holger Heine Ruth A Schmitz
author_facet	Corinna Bang Katrin Weidenbach Thomas Gutsmann Holger Heine Ruth A Schmitz
author_sort	Corinna Bang
title	The intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.
title_short	The intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.
title_full	The intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.
title_fullStr	The intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.
title_full_unstemmed	The intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.
title_sort	intestinal archaea methanosphaera stadtmanae and methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/471930f907b540a29814ef789996dd9f
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The intestinal archaea Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii activate human dendritic cells.

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