Low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway

Amichai Yavlovich,1,* Mathias Viard,1,2,* Kshitij Gupta,1,* Jessica Sine,1,* Mylinh Vu,1 Robert Blumenthal,1 Darrell B Tata,3 Anu Puri1,*1Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; 2Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National La...

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Autores principales:	Yavlovich A, Viard M, Gupta K, Sine J, Vu M, Blumenthal R, Tata DB, Puri A
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4729519096f64b65bae4588f8392e2f0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4729519096f64b65bae4588f8392e2f02021-12-02T08:20:22ZLow-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/4729519096f64b65bae4588f8392e2f02013-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/low-visibility-light-intensity-laser-triggered-release-of-entrapped-ca-a13728https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Amichai Yavlovich,1,* Mathias Viard,1,2,* Kshitij Gupta,1,* Jessica Sine,1,* Mylinh Vu,1 Robert Blumenthal,1 Darrell B Tata,3 Anu Puri1,1Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; 2Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA; 3Centre for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH)/Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories(OSEL)/Division of Physics, US Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, MD, USAThese authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: We recently reported on the physical characteristics of photo-triggerable liposomes containing dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), and 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DC8,9PC) carrying a photo agent as their payload. When exposed to a low-intensity 514 nm wavelength (continuous-wave) laser light, these liposomes were observed to release entrapped calcein green (Cal-G; Ex/Em 490/517 nm) but not calcein blue (Cal-B; Ex/Em 360/460 nm). In this study, we have investigated the mechanism for the 514 nm laser-triggered release of the Cal-G payload using several scavengers that are known specifically to inhibit either type I or type II photoreaction pathways. Liposomes containing DPPC:DC8,9PC: distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-2000 (86:10:04 mole ratio) were loaded either with fluorescent (calcein) or nonfluorescent (3H-inulin) aqueous markers. In addition, a non-photo-triggerable formulation (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine [POPC]:DC8,9PC:DSPE-PEG2000) was also studied with the same payloads. The 514 nm wavelength laser exposure on photo-triggerable liposomes resulted in the release of Cal-G but not that of Cal-B or 3H-inulin, suggesting an involvement of a photoactivated state of Cal-G due to the 514 nm laser exposure. Upon 514 nm laser exposures, substantial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, ≈100 µM) levels were detected from only the Cal-G loaded photo-triggerable liposomes but not from Cal-B-loaded liposomes (≤10 µM H2O2). The Cal-G release from photo-triggerable liposomes was found to be significantly inhibited by ascorbic acid (AA), resulting in a 70%–80% reduction in Cal-G release. The extent of AA-mediated inhibition of Cal-G release from the liposomes also correlated with the consumption of AA. No AA consumption was detected in the 514 nm laser-exposed Cal B-loaded liposomes, thus confirming a role of photoactivation of Cal-G in liposome destabilization. Inclusion of 100 mM K3Fe(CN)6 (a blocker of electron transfer) in the liposomes substantially inhibited Cal-G release, whereas inclusion of 10 mM sodium azide (a blocker of singlet oxygen of type II photoreaction) in the liposomes failed to block 514 nm laser-triggered Cal-G release. Taken together, we conclude that low-intensity 514 nm laser-triggered release of Cal-G from photo-triggerable liposomes involves the type I photoreaction pathway.Keywords: visible laser-triggered payload release, photo-agents, photopolymerizable phospholipids, photodynamic actions, reactive oxygen speciesYavlovich AViard MGupta KSine JVu MBlumenthal RTata DBPuri ADove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 2575-2587 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Yavlovich A Viard M Gupta K Sine J Vu M Blumenthal R Tata DB Puri A Low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway
description	Amichai Yavlovich,1,* Mathias Viard,1,2,* Kshitij Gupta,1,* Jessica Sine,1,* Mylinh Vu,1 Robert Blumenthal,1 Darrell B Tata,3 Anu Puri1,1Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; 2Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA; 3Centre for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH)/Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories(OSEL)/Division of Physics, US Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, MD, USAThese authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: We recently reported on the physical characteristics of photo-triggerable liposomes containing dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), and 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DC8,9PC) carrying a photo agent as their payload. When exposed to a low-intensity 514 nm wavelength (continuous-wave) laser light, these liposomes were observed to release entrapped calcein green (Cal-G; Ex/Em 490/517 nm) but not calcein blue (Cal-B; Ex/Em 360/460 nm). In this study, we have investigated the mechanism for the 514 nm laser-triggered release of the Cal-G payload using several scavengers that are known specifically to inhibit either type I or type II photoreaction pathways. Liposomes containing DPPC:DC8,9PC: distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-2000 (86:10:04 mole ratio) were loaded either with fluorescent (calcein) or nonfluorescent (3H-inulin) aqueous markers. In addition, a non-photo-triggerable formulation (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine [POPC]:DC8,9PC:DSPE-PEG2000) was also studied with the same payloads. The 514 nm wavelength laser exposure on photo-triggerable liposomes resulted in the release of Cal-G but not that of Cal-B or 3H-inulin, suggesting an involvement of a photoactivated state of Cal-G due to the 514 nm laser exposure. Upon 514 nm laser exposures, substantial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, ≈100 µM) levels were detected from only the Cal-G loaded photo-triggerable liposomes but not from Cal-B-loaded liposomes (≤10 µM H2O2). The Cal-G release from photo-triggerable liposomes was found to be significantly inhibited by ascorbic acid (AA), resulting in a 70%–80% reduction in Cal-G release. The extent of AA-mediated inhibition of Cal-G release from the liposomes also correlated with the consumption of AA. No AA consumption was detected in the 514 nm laser-exposed Cal B-loaded liposomes, thus confirming a role of photoactivation of Cal-G in liposome destabilization. Inclusion of 100 mM K3Fe(CN)6 (a blocker of electron transfer) in the liposomes substantially inhibited Cal-G release, whereas inclusion of 10 mM sodium azide (a blocker of singlet oxygen of type II photoreaction) in the liposomes failed to block 514 nm laser-triggered Cal-G release. Taken together, we conclude that low-intensity 514 nm laser-triggered release of Cal-G from photo-triggerable liposomes involves the type I photoreaction pathway.Keywords: visible laser-triggered payload release, photo-agents, photopolymerizable phospholipids, photodynamic actions, reactive oxygen species
format	article
author	Yavlovich A Viard M Gupta K Sine J Vu M Blumenthal R Tata DB Puri A
author_facet	Yavlovich A Viard M Gupta K Sine J Vu M Blumenthal R Tata DB Puri A
author_sort	Yavlovich A
title	Low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway
title_short	Low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway
title_full	Low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway
title_fullStr	Low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway
title_full_unstemmed	Low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway
title_sort	low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type i photoactivation pathway
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/4729519096f64b65bae4588f8392e2f0
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Low-visibility light-intensity laser-triggered release of entrapped calcein from 1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes is mediated through a type I photoactivation pathway

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