HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis

Background: Although considerable progress has been made over the last decades, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) mortality rates have remarkably increased in the Brazilian Amazon region. Here, we employed temporal analysis to determine the i...

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Autores principales:	Adriana de Sá Pinheiro, Sandra Souza Lima, Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, Alexsandra Rodrigues Feijão, Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva, Elucir Gir, Renata Karina Reis, Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira, Lucia Hisako Takase Gonçalves, Sandra Helena Isse Polaro, Aline Maria Pereira Cruz Ramos, Elia Pinheiro Botelho
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PAGEPress Publications 2021
Materias:	HIV acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Brazil rainforest interrupted time series analysis public health Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/476bb54276744dd88886013e26ce4ca8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:476bb54276744dd88886013e26ce4ca82021-11-30T09:09:21ZHIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis10.4081/jphr.2021.25132279-90282279-9036https://doaj.org/article/476bb54276744dd88886013e26ce4ca82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jphres.org/index.php/jphres/article/view/2513https://doaj.org/toc/2279-9028https://doaj.org/toc/2279-9036 Background: Although considerable progress has been made over the last decades, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) mortality rates have remarkably increased in the Brazilian Amazon region. Here, we employed temporal analysis to determine the impact of public policies on the HIV epidemic in the state of Pará, Brazil, which has the second highest HIV incidence rate in the Amazon region. Design and Methods: This is an ecological study conducted in the state of Pará, employing secondary data of HIV/AIDS cases notified to the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, 2007–2018. The following epidemiological variables were collected: year of notification, municipality of residence, age, sex, education, exposure category, and HIV/AIDS diagnostic criteria. The study population was composed of 21,504 HIV/AIDS cases. The HIV/AIDS incidence rates were analyzed employing the temporal trend analysis (TTA) followed by the chi-square test and residue analysis to determine the association between the epidemiological variables and time series periods. Results: A total of 50% of the notifications were composed of AIDS cases. TTA identified two periods in HIV/AIDS incidence, with stabilization of cases in the first period (G1, 2007–2012) and an upward trend in the second period (G2, 2012–2018). The most prevalent epidemiological characteristics in G2 (versus G1) were as follows: young people, brown skin color, higher schooling, and homosexuals. Conclusion: Public policy to control HIV infection in the Brazilian Amazon region has been partially effective. HIV screening tests and treatment should be made widely available to eradicate HIV infection in the Amazon region by 2030. Adriana de Sá PinheiroSandra Souza LimaGlenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff FerreiraAlexsandra Rodrigues FeijãoRichardson Augusto Rosendo da SilvaElucir GirRenata Karina ReisFernanda Maria Vieira PereiraLucia Hisako Takase GonçalvesSandra Helena Isse PolaroAline Maria Pereira Cruz RamosElia Pinheiro BotelhoPAGEPress PublicationsarticleHIVacquired immunodeficiency syndromeBrazilrainforestinterrupted time series analysispublic healthPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENJournal of Public Health Research (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	HIV acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Brazil rainforest interrupted time series analysis public health Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	HIV acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Brazil rainforest interrupted time series analysis public health Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Adriana de Sá Pinheiro Sandra Souza Lima Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira Alexsandra Rodrigues Feijão Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva Elucir Gir Renata Karina Reis Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira Lucia Hisako Takase Gonçalves Sandra Helena Isse Polaro Aline Maria Pereira Cruz Ramos Elia Pinheiro Botelho HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis
description	Background: Although considerable progress has been made over the last decades, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) mortality rates have remarkably increased in the Brazilian Amazon region. Here, we employed temporal analysis to determine the impact of public policies on the HIV epidemic in the state of Pará, Brazil, which has the second highest HIV incidence rate in the Amazon region. Design and Methods: This is an ecological study conducted in the state of Pará, employing secondary data of HIV/AIDS cases notified to the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, 2007–2018. The following epidemiological variables were collected: year of notification, municipality of residence, age, sex, education, exposure category, and HIV/AIDS diagnostic criteria. The study population was composed of 21,504 HIV/AIDS cases. The HIV/AIDS incidence rates were analyzed employing the temporal trend analysis (TTA) followed by the chi-square test and residue analysis to determine the association between the epidemiological variables and time series periods. Results: A total of 50% of the notifications were composed of AIDS cases. TTA identified two periods in HIV/AIDS incidence, with stabilization of cases in the first period (G1, 2007–2012) and an upward trend in the second period (G2, 2012–2018). The most prevalent epidemiological characteristics in G2 (versus G1) were as follows: young people, brown skin color, higher schooling, and homosexuals. Conclusion: Public policy to control HIV infection in the Brazilian Amazon region has been partially effective. HIV screening tests and treatment should be made widely available to eradicate HIV infection in the Amazon region by 2030.
format	article
author	Adriana de Sá Pinheiro Sandra Souza Lima Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira Alexsandra Rodrigues Feijão Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva Elucir Gir Renata Karina Reis Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira Lucia Hisako Takase Gonçalves Sandra Helena Isse Polaro Aline Maria Pereira Cruz Ramos Elia Pinheiro Botelho
author_facet	Adriana de Sá Pinheiro Sandra Souza Lima Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira Alexsandra Rodrigues Feijão Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva Elucir Gir Renata Karina Reis Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira Lucia Hisako Takase Gonçalves Sandra Helena Isse Polaro Aline Maria Pereira Cruz Ramos Elia Pinheiro Botelho
author_sort	Adriana de Sá Pinheiro
title	HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis
title_short	HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis
title_full	HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis
title_fullStr	HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis
title_full_unstemmed	HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis
title_sort	hiv epidemic in a province of the brazilian amazon region: temporal trend analysis
publisher	PAGEPress Publications
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/476bb54276744dd88886013e26ce4ca8
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HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis

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