Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.

<h4>Background</h4>Deterioration of executive functions in the elderly has been associated with impairments in walking performance. This may be caused by limited cognitive flexibility and working memory, but could also be caused by altered prioritization of simultaneously performed tasks...

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Autores principales:	Markus A Hobert, Raphael Niebler, Sinja I Meyer, Kathrin Brockmann, Clemens Becker, Heiko Huber, Alexandra Gaenslen, Jana Godau, Gerhard W Eschweiler, Daniela Berg, Walter Maetzler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/477e91324aa24ca88e582faae7ea5814
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:477e91324aa24ca88e582faae7ea58142021-11-18T07:34:04ZPoor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0027831https://doaj.org/article/477e91324aa24ca88e582faae7ea58142011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22114705/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Deterioration of executive functions in the elderly has been associated with impairments in walking performance. This may be caused by limited cognitive flexibility and working memory, but could also be caused by altered prioritization of simultaneously performed tasks. To disentangle these options we investigated the associations between Trail Making Test performance--which specifically measures cognitive flexibility and working memory--and dual task costs, a measure of prioritization.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>Out of the TREND study (Tuebinger evaluation of Risk factors for Early detection of Neurodegenerative Disorders), 686 neurodegeneratively healthy, non-demented elderly aged 50 to 80 years were classified according to their Trail Making Test performance (delta TMT; TMT-B minus TMT-A). The subjects performed 20 m walks with habitual and maximum speed. Dual tasking performance was tested with walking at maximum speed, in combination with checking boxes on a clipboard, and subtracting serial 7 s at maximum speeds. As expected, the poor TMT group performed worse when subtracting serial 7 s under single and dual task conditions, and they walked more slowly when simultaneously subtracting serial 7 s, compared to the good TMT performers. In the walking when subtracting serial 7 s condition but not in the other 3 conditions, dual task costs were higher in the poor TMT performers (median 20%; range -6 to 58%) compared to the good performers (17%; -16 to 43%; p<0.001). To the contrary, the proportion of the poor TMT performance group that made calculation errors under the dual tasking situation was lower than under the single task situation, but higher in the good TMT performance group (poor performers, -1.6%; good performers, +3%; p = 0.035).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Under most challenging conditions, the elderly with poor TMT performance prioritize the cognitive task at the expense of walking velocity. This indicates that poor cognitive flexibility and working memory are directly associated with altered prioritization.Markus A HobertRaphael NieblerSinja I MeyerKathrin BrockmannClemens BeckerHeiko HuberAlexandra GaenslenJana GodauGerhard W EschweilerDaniela BergWalter MaetzlerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 11, p e27831 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Markus A Hobert Raphael Niebler Sinja I Meyer Kathrin Brockmann Clemens Becker Heiko Huber Alexandra Gaenslen Jana Godau Gerhard W Eschweiler Daniela Berg Walter Maetzler Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Deterioration of executive functions in the elderly has been associated with impairments in walking performance. This may be caused by limited cognitive flexibility and working memory, but could also be caused by altered prioritization of simultaneously performed tasks. To disentangle these options we investigated the associations between Trail Making Test performance--which specifically measures cognitive flexibility and working memory--and dual task costs, a measure of prioritization.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>Out of the TREND study (Tuebinger evaluation of Risk factors for Early detection of Neurodegenerative Disorders), 686 neurodegeneratively healthy, non-demented elderly aged 50 to 80 years were classified according to their Trail Making Test performance (delta TMT; TMT-B minus TMT-A). The subjects performed 20 m walks with habitual and maximum speed. Dual tasking performance was tested with walking at maximum speed, in combination with checking boxes on a clipboard, and subtracting serial 7 s at maximum speeds. As expected, the poor TMT group performed worse when subtracting serial 7 s under single and dual task conditions, and they walked more slowly when simultaneously subtracting serial 7 s, compared to the good TMT performers. In the walking when subtracting serial 7 s condition but not in the other 3 conditions, dual task costs were higher in the poor TMT performers (median 20%; range -6 to 58%) compared to the good performers (17%; -16 to 43%; p<0.001). To the contrary, the proportion of the poor TMT performance group that made calculation errors under the dual tasking situation was lower than under the single task situation, but higher in the good TMT performance group (poor performers, -1.6%; good performers, +3%; p = 0.035).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Under most challenging conditions, the elderly with poor TMT performance prioritize the cognitive task at the expense of walking velocity. This indicates that poor cognitive flexibility and working memory are directly associated with altered prioritization.
format	article
author	Markus A Hobert Raphael Niebler Sinja I Meyer Kathrin Brockmann Clemens Becker Heiko Huber Alexandra Gaenslen Jana Godau Gerhard W Eschweiler Daniela Berg Walter Maetzler
author_facet	Markus A Hobert Raphael Niebler Sinja I Meyer Kathrin Brockmann Clemens Becker Heiko Huber Alexandra Gaenslen Jana Godau Gerhard W Eschweiler Daniela Berg Walter Maetzler
author_sort	Markus A Hobert
title	Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.
title_short	Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.
title_full	Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.
title_fullStr	Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.
title_full_unstemmed	Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.
title_sort	poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the trend study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/477e91324aa24ca88e582faae7ea5814
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Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study.

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