The Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector

The increasing energy and water demands by the Arab Gulf states highlight the importance of sustainable use of energy resources. Wastewater sludge management for energy recovery creates an opportunity for sector integration for both wastewater treatment plants and renewable energy production. The ob...

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Autores principales:	Mohammad Alshawaf, Abdalrahman Alsulaili, Mohamed Alwaeli, Huda Allanqawi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	biomethane potential energy transition wastewater sludge anaerobic digestion biogas waste-to-energy Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/479e4a8389cb41f28418ef71efc32b1b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:479e4a8389cb41f28418ef71efc32b1b2021-11-11T15:19:23ZThe Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector10.3390/app1121102752076-3417https://doaj.org/article/479e4a8389cb41f28418ef71efc32b1b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10275https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417The increasing energy and water demands by the Arab Gulf states highlight the importance of sustainable use of energy resources. Wastewater sludge management for energy recovery creates an opportunity for sector integration for both wastewater treatment plants and renewable energy production. The objective of this study was to theoretically estimate the biomethane potential of wastewater sludge, together with identification of the role of biomethane in the region. The prediction of biomethane potential was based on the theoretical stoichiometry of biomethanation reactions, using the R-based package ‘Process Biogas Data and Predict Biogas Production’. The biomethane potential of sludge ranges between 232–334 × 10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>3</sup>, with a total heat-value up to 10.7 trillion BTUs annually. The produced biomethane can generate up to 1665 GWh of electric energy, an equivalent amount to the current levels of electricity generation from wind and solar power combined. The findings from the case study on Kuwait’s indicate that biomethane could displace 13 × 10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>3</sup> of natural gas, or approximately 86,000 barrels of crude oil, while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 86% when compared to the base-scenario. Despite its potential, biomethane recovery in the region is hindered by technical-, economic-, and policy-based barriers.Mohammad AlshawafAbdalrahman AlsulailiMohamed AlwaeliHuda AllanqawiMDPI AGarticlebiomethane potentialenergy transitionwastewater sludgeanaerobic digestionbiogaswaste-to-energyTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10275, p 10275 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biomethane potential energy transition wastewater sludge anaerobic digestion biogas waste-to-energy Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	biomethane potential energy transition wastewater sludge anaerobic digestion biogas waste-to-energy Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Mohammad Alshawaf Abdalrahman Alsulaili Mohamed Alwaeli Huda Allanqawi The Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector
description	The increasing energy and water demands by the Arab Gulf states highlight the importance of sustainable use of energy resources. Wastewater sludge management for energy recovery creates an opportunity for sector integration for both wastewater treatment plants and renewable energy production. The objective of this study was to theoretically estimate the biomethane potential of wastewater sludge, together with identification of the role of biomethane in the region. The prediction of biomethane potential was based on the theoretical stoichiometry of biomethanation reactions, using the R-based package ‘Process Biogas Data and Predict Biogas Production’. The biomethane potential of sludge ranges between 232–334 × 10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>3</sup>, with a total heat-value up to 10.7 trillion BTUs annually. The produced biomethane can generate up to 1665 GWh of electric energy, an equivalent amount to the current levels of electricity generation from wind and solar power combined. The findings from the case study on Kuwait’s indicate that biomethane could displace 13 × 10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>3</sup> of natural gas, or approximately 86,000 barrels of crude oil, while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 86% when compared to the base-scenario. Despite its potential, biomethane recovery in the region is hindered by technical-, economic-, and policy-based barriers.
format	article
author	Mohammad Alshawaf Abdalrahman Alsulaili Mohamed Alwaeli Huda Allanqawi
author_facet	Mohammad Alshawaf Abdalrahman Alsulaili Mohamed Alwaeli Huda Allanqawi
author_sort	Mohammad Alshawaf
title	The Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector
title_short	The Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector
title_full	The Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector
title_fullStr	The Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector
title_full_unstemmed	The Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector
title_sort	role of biomethane from sewage sludge in the energy transition: potentials and barriers in the arab gulf states power sector
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/479e4a8389cb41f28418ef71efc32b1b
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The Role of Biomethane from Sewage Sludge in the Energy Transition: Potentials and Barriers in the Arab Gulf States Power Sector

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