Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage

Three main crop straws including corn straw (Zea mays, CS), rice straw (Oryza sativa, RS), and wheat straw (Triticum aestivum, WS), and two forages including alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa, AH) and corn silage (Zea ma...

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Autores principales:	Erdan Wang, Jidong Wang, Jiaying Lv, Xiaoge Sun, Fanlin Kong, Shuo Wang, Yajing Wang, Hongjian Yang, Zhijun Cao, Shengli Li, Wei Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	main crop straws ruminal degradability indigestible neutral detergent fiber total-tract digestibility Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/47d908fcc4104c2f9658bcd610f37b36
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:47d908fcc4104c2f9658bcd610f37b362021-11-25T16:19:23ZComparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage10.3390/ani111132182076-2615https://doaj.org/article/47d908fcc4104c2f9658bcd610f37b362021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3218https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615Three main crop straws including corn straw (<i>Zea mays</i>, CS), rice straw (<i>Oryza sativa</i>, RS), and wheat straw (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>, WS), and two forages including alfalfa hay (<i>Medicago sativa</i>, AH) and corn silage (<i>Zea mays</i>, CSil) were analyzed in order to compare their ruminal degradability, indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF), intestinal digestibility (ID), and their total-tract digestibility (TTD) of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) using both an in situ nylon bag technique and a mobile nylon bag technique. The forage samples were incubated in the rumen for 6, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 288 h, respectively, to determine their ruminal degradability. Prior to intestinal incubation, forage samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h and 24 h to determine the ruminal degradable content of CP, NDF, and ADF, respectively, and for 288 h to determine their iNDF<sub>288</sub> content. Residues from the ruminal undegradable fractions (12 h for CP, 24 h for NDF and ADF) were subsequently inserted into the duodenum through a cannula to determine their intestinal digestible content. Here, the TTD of CP, NDF, and ADF were determined as the ruminal degradable content + intestinal digestible content. The results showed that AH had the highest iNDF<sub>2.4</sub> (calculated as acid detergent lignin content × 2.4) and iNDF<sub>288</sub> values (379.42 and 473.40 g/kg of NDF), while CS and CSil had the lowest iNDF<sub>2.4</sub> values (177.44 and 179.43 g/kg of NDF). The ruminal degradability of CP, NDF, and ADF for CS, RS, and WS were lower than those of AH and Csil during the first 48 h of incubation. The potential degradation fraction of CP, NDF, and ADF for CSil was the highest; CS, RS, and WS were intermediate; and AH was the lowest (<i>p</i> < 0.05). CS, RS, and WS had a lower intestinal digestibility with respect to their rumen undegradable content of NDF (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and lower TTD of CP, NDF, and ADF (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to AH and CSil. General regression equations with satisfactory accuracy (R<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.828) were derived to predict iNDF<sub>288</sub> and TTD based on their chemical compositions and the ruminal degradation kinetics of different forages. Incorporating this information into rations could improve our ability to optimize main crop straws utilization and milk production.Erdan WangJidong WangJiaying LvXiaoge SunFanlin KongShuo WangYajing WangHongjian YangZhijun CaoShengli LiWei WangMDPI AGarticlemain crop strawsruminal degradabilityindigestible neutral detergent fibertotal-tract digestibilityVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3218, p 3218 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	main crop straws ruminal degradability indigestible neutral detergent fiber total-tract digestibility Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	main crop straws ruminal degradability indigestible neutral detergent fiber total-tract digestibility Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Erdan Wang Jidong Wang Jiaying Lv Xiaoge Sun Fanlin Kong Shuo Wang Yajing Wang Hongjian Yang Zhijun Cao Shengli Li Wei Wang Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage
description	Three main crop straws including corn straw (<i>Zea mays</i>, CS), rice straw (<i>Oryza sativa</i>, RS), and wheat straw (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>, WS), and two forages including alfalfa hay (<i>Medicago sativa</i>, AH) and corn silage (<i>Zea mays</i>, CSil) were analyzed in order to compare their ruminal degradability, indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF), intestinal digestibility (ID), and their total-tract digestibility (TTD) of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) using both an in situ nylon bag technique and a mobile nylon bag technique. The forage samples were incubated in the rumen for 6, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 288 h, respectively, to determine their ruminal degradability. Prior to intestinal incubation, forage samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h and 24 h to determine the ruminal degradable content of CP, NDF, and ADF, respectively, and for 288 h to determine their iNDF<sub>288</sub> content. Residues from the ruminal undegradable fractions (12 h for CP, 24 h for NDF and ADF) were subsequently inserted into the duodenum through a cannula to determine their intestinal digestible content. Here, the TTD of CP, NDF, and ADF were determined as the ruminal degradable content + intestinal digestible content. The results showed that AH had the highest iNDF<sub>2.4</sub> (calculated as acid detergent lignin content × 2.4) and iNDF<sub>288</sub> values (379.42 and 473.40 g/kg of NDF), while CS and CSil had the lowest iNDF<sub>2.4</sub> values (177.44 and 179.43 g/kg of NDF). The ruminal degradability of CP, NDF, and ADF for CS, RS, and WS were lower than those of AH and Csil during the first 48 h of incubation. The potential degradation fraction of CP, NDF, and ADF for CSil was the highest; CS, RS, and WS were intermediate; and AH was the lowest (<i>p</i> < 0.05). CS, RS, and WS had a lower intestinal digestibility with respect to their rumen undegradable content of NDF (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and lower TTD of CP, NDF, and ADF (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to AH and CSil. General regression equations with satisfactory accuracy (R<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.828) were derived to predict iNDF<sub>288</sub> and TTD based on their chemical compositions and the ruminal degradation kinetics of different forages. Incorporating this information into rations could improve our ability to optimize main crop straws utilization and milk production.
format	article
author	Erdan Wang Jidong Wang Jiaying Lv Xiaoge Sun Fanlin Kong Shuo Wang Yajing Wang Hongjian Yang Zhijun Cao Shengli Li Wei Wang
author_facet	Erdan Wang Jidong Wang Jiaying Lv Xiaoge Sun Fanlin Kong Shuo Wang Yajing Wang Hongjian Yang Zhijun Cao Shengli Li Wei Wang
author_sort	Erdan Wang
title	Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage
title_short	Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage
title_full	Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage
title_fullStr	Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage
title_full_unstemmed	Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage
title_sort	comparison of ruminal degradability, indigestible neutral detergent fiber, and total-tract digestibility of three main crop straws with alfalfa hay and corn silage
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/47d908fcc4104c2f9658bcd610f37b36
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Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage

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