Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.

<h4>Background</h4>Hypochlorhydria (gastric pH >4) increases susceptibility to diarrhoea, iron deficiency, and gastric cancer. We sought to clarify the prevalence of this condition and its predisposing factors in Zambia by pooling data from previous studies conducted in hospital and c...

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Autores principales:	Phoebe Hodges, Paul Kelly, Violet Kayamba
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/481ae13e5ab24eaf807337049d046800
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:481ae13e5ab24eaf807337049d0468002021-12-02T20:19:26ZHelicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256487https://doaj.org/article/481ae13e5ab24eaf807337049d0468002021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256487https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Hypochlorhydria (gastric pH >4) increases susceptibility to diarrhoea, iron deficiency, and gastric cancer. We sought to clarify the prevalence of this condition and its predisposing factors in Zambia by pooling data from previous studies conducted in hospital and community settings.<h4>Methods</h4>Gastric pH was measured in participants from five separate studies by collecting gastric aspirate from fasted adults and children under 3 years of age undergoing gastroscopy. Gastric pH was correlated with serological testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections.<h4>Results</h4>We studied 597 individuals (487 adults and 110 children). Hypochlorhydria was present in 53% of adults and 31% of children. HIV infection was detected in 41% of adults and 11% of children. H. pylori serology was available for 366 individuals: 93% of adults and 6% of children were seropositive. In univariate analysis, hypochlorhydria was significantly associated with HIV seropositivity (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.4; p = 0.004) and H. pylori antibody seropositivity (OR 4.9; 95% CI 2.8-8.6; p<0.0001), and with advancing age in HIV negative individuals (p = 0.0001). In multivariable analysis, only H. pylori was associated with hypochlorhydria (OR 4.0; 95% CI 2.2-7.2; p<0.0001) while excluding possible exposure to proton pump inhibitors.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Hypochlorhydria is common in our population, with H. pylori being the dominant factor. Only young HIV seronegative individuals had a low prevalence of hypochlorhydria. This may have implications for the risk of other health conditions including gastric cancer.Phoebe HodgesPaul KellyViolet KayambaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0256487 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Phoebe Hodges Paul Kelly Violet Kayamba Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Hypochlorhydria (gastric pH >4) increases susceptibility to diarrhoea, iron deficiency, and gastric cancer. We sought to clarify the prevalence of this condition and its predisposing factors in Zambia by pooling data from previous studies conducted in hospital and community settings.<h4>Methods</h4>Gastric pH was measured in participants from five separate studies by collecting gastric aspirate from fasted adults and children under 3 years of age undergoing gastroscopy. Gastric pH was correlated with serological testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections.<h4>Results</h4>We studied 597 individuals (487 adults and 110 children). Hypochlorhydria was present in 53% of adults and 31% of children. HIV infection was detected in 41% of adults and 11% of children. H. pylori serology was available for 366 individuals: 93% of adults and 6% of children were seropositive. In univariate analysis, hypochlorhydria was significantly associated with HIV seropositivity (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.4; p = 0.004) and H. pylori antibody seropositivity (OR 4.9; 95% CI 2.8-8.6; p<0.0001), and with advancing age in HIV negative individuals (p = 0.0001). In multivariable analysis, only H. pylori was associated with hypochlorhydria (OR 4.0; 95% CI 2.2-7.2; p<0.0001) while excluding possible exposure to proton pump inhibitors.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Hypochlorhydria is common in our population, with H. pylori being the dominant factor. Only young HIV seronegative individuals had a low prevalence of hypochlorhydria. This may have implications for the risk of other health conditions including gastric cancer.
format	article
author	Phoebe Hodges Paul Kelly Violet Kayamba
author_facet	Phoebe Hodges Paul Kelly Violet Kayamba
author_sort	Phoebe Hodges
title	Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.
title_short	Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.
title_full	Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.
title_fullStr	Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.
title_full_unstemmed	Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.
title_sort	helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in zambian adults and children: a secondary data analysis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/481ae13e5ab24eaf807337049d046800
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Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.

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