Optimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor

The visible light communication (VLC) technique using a rolling-shutter sensor-based commercial camera has an advantage in that the LED and camera mounted on an underwater device (<italic>e.g.</italic>, drone, sensor) can be effectively used as a transmitter (Tx) and a receiver (Rx), res...

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Autores principales:	Ritsuki Hamagami, Tadashi Ebihara, Naoto Wakatsuki, Koichi Mizutani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IEEE 2021
Materias:	Visible light communication rolling-shutter sensor phase-shift keying CMOS image sensor underwater wireless communication Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/481bb048fdfb4b829cdd9a63226db805
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:481bb048fdfb4b829cdd9a63226db805
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:481bb048fdfb4b829cdd9a63226db8052021-11-09T00:01:02ZOptimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor2169-353610.1109/ACCESS.2021.3123358https://doaj.org/article/481bb048fdfb4b829cdd9a63226db8052021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9590553/https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536The visible light communication (VLC) technique using a rolling-shutter sensor-based commercial camera has an advantage in that the LED and camera mounted on an underwater device (<italic>e.g.</italic>, drone, sensor) can be effectively used as a transmitter (Tx) and a receiver (Rx), respectively, under water. On the other hand, a suitable modulation technique has not been well considered to realize a VLC system using a rolling-shutter sensor in an underwater channel that includes high ambient light conditions. In this paper, we design VLC systems using phase-shift keying (PSK), non-return-to-zero on- off keying (NRZ-OOK), and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and evaluate them through simulations and experiments. The results suggested that the VLC system using PSK or OFDM is more resilient than that using NRZ-OOK in an underwater channel with low-frequency ambient light, and that a VLC system using PSK or NRZ-OOK is more tolerant than that using OFDM in environments with high ambient light, resulting in pixel saturation. In conclusion, the present study has demonstrated that PSK is the most suitable modulation technique for a VLC system using a rolling-shutter sensor in an underwater channel that includes high ambient light conditions.Ritsuki HamagamiTadashi EbiharaNaoto WakatsukiKoichi MizutaniIEEEarticleVisible light communicationrolling-shutter sensorphase-shift keyingCMOS image sensorunderwater wireless communicationElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971ENIEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 146422-146436 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Visible light communication rolling-shutter sensor phase-shift keying CMOS image sensor underwater wireless communication Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
spellingShingle	Visible light communication rolling-shutter sensor phase-shift keying CMOS image sensor underwater wireless communication Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Ritsuki Hamagami Tadashi Ebihara Naoto Wakatsuki Koichi Mizutani Optimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor
description	The visible light communication (VLC) technique using a rolling-shutter sensor-based commercial camera has an advantage in that the LED and camera mounted on an underwater device (<italic>e.g.</italic>, drone, sensor) can be effectively used as a transmitter (Tx) and a receiver (Rx), respectively, under water. On the other hand, a suitable modulation technique has not been well considered to realize a VLC system using a rolling-shutter sensor in an underwater channel that includes high ambient light conditions. In this paper, we design VLC systems using phase-shift keying (PSK), non-return-to-zero on- off keying (NRZ-OOK), and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and evaluate them through simulations and experiments. The results suggested that the VLC system using PSK or OFDM is more resilient than that using NRZ-OOK in an underwater channel with low-frequency ambient light, and that a VLC system using PSK or NRZ-OOK is more tolerant than that using OFDM in environments with high ambient light, resulting in pixel saturation. In conclusion, the present study has demonstrated that PSK is the most suitable modulation technique for a VLC system using a rolling-shutter sensor in an underwater channel that includes high ambient light conditions.
format	article
author	Ritsuki Hamagami Tadashi Ebihara Naoto Wakatsuki Koichi Mizutani
author_facet	Ritsuki Hamagami Tadashi Ebihara Naoto Wakatsuki Koichi Mizutani
author_sort	Ritsuki Hamagami
title	Optimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor
title_short	Optimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor
title_full	Optimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor
title_fullStr	Optimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor
title_full_unstemmed	Optimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor
title_sort	optimal modulation technique for underwater visible light communication using rolling-shutter sensor
publisher	IEEE
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/481bb048fdfb4b829cdd9a63226db805
work_keys_str_mv	AT ritsukihamagami optimalmodulationtechniqueforunderwatervisiblelightcommunicationusingrollingshuttersensor AT tadashiebihara optimalmodulationtechniqueforunderwatervisiblelightcommunicationusingrollingshuttersensor AT naotowakatsuki optimalmodulationtechniqueforunderwatervisiblelightcommunicationusingrollingshuttersensor AT koichimizutani optimalmodulationtechniqueforunderwatervisiblelightcommunicationusingrollingshuttersensor
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Optimal Modulation Technique for Underwater Visible Light Communication Using Rolling-Shutter Sensor

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