Autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions

Abstract Various clinical disorders, including psychopathy, and autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, have been linked with impairments in Theory of Mind (ToM). However, although these conditions can co-occur in the same individual, the effect of their inter-play on ToM abilities has not been...

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Autores principales:	Steven M. Gillespie, Ian J. Mitchell, Ahmad M. Abu-Akel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/481d85ceedf94e0d8a0fecef6dd0d855
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:481d85ceedf94e0d8a0fecef6dd0d8552021-12-02T11:40:24ZAutistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions10.1038/s41598-017-06995-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/481d85ceedf94e0d8a0fecef6dd0d8552017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06995-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Various clinical disorders, including psychopathy, and autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, have been linked with impairments in Theory of Mind (ToM). However, although these conditions can co-occur in the same individual, the effect of their inter-play on ToM abilities has not been investigated. Here we assessed ToM abilities in 55 healthy adults while performing a naturalistic ToM task, requiring participants to watch a short film and judge the actors’ mental states. The results reveal for the first time that autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences interact with psychopathic tendencies in opposite directions to predict ToM performance—the interaction of psychopathic tendencies with autism traits was associated with a decrement in performance, whereas the interaction of psychopathic tendencies and positive psychotic experiences was associated with improved performance. These effects were specific to cognitive rather than affective ToM. These results underscore the importance of the simultaneous assessment of these dimensions within clinical settings. Future research in these clinical populations may benefit by taking into account such individual differences.Steven M. GillespieIan J. MitchellAhmad M. Abu-AkelNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Steven M. Gillespie Ian J. Mitchell Ahmad M. Abu-Akel Autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions
description	Abstract Various clinical disorders, including psychopathy, and autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, have been linked with impairments in Theory of Mind (ToM). However, although these conditions can co-occur in the same individual, the effect of their inter-play on ToM abilities has not been investigated. Here we assessed ToM abilities in 55 healthy adults while performing a naturalistic ToM task, requiring participants to watch a short film and judge the actors’ mental states. The results reveal for the first time that autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences interact with psychopathic tendencies in opposite directions to predict ToM performance—the interaction of psychopathic tendencies with autism traits was associated with a decrement in performance, whereas the interaction of psychopathic tendencies and positive psychotic experiences was associated with improved performance. These effects were specific to cognitive rather than affective ToM. These results underscore the importance of the simultaneous assessment of these dimensions within clinical settings. Future research in these clinical populations may benefit by taking into account such individual differences.
format	article
author	Steven M. Gillespie Ian J. Mitchell Ahmad M. Abu-Akel
author_facet	Steven M. Gillespie Ian J. Mitchell Ahmad M. Abu-Akel
author_sort	Steven M. Gillespie
title	Autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions
title_short	Autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions
title_full	Autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions
title_fullStr	Autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions
title_full_unstemmed	Autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions
title_sort	autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/481d85ceedf94e0d8a0fecef6dd0d855
work_keys_str_mv	AT stevenmgillespie autistictraitsandpositivepsychoticexperiencesmodulatetheassociationofpsychopathictendencieswiththeoryofmindinoppositedirections AT ianjmitchell autistictraitsandpositivepsychoticexperiencesmodulatetheassociationofpsychopathictendencieswiththeoryofmindinoppositedirections AT ahmadmabuakel autistictraitsandpositivepsychoticexperiencesmodulatetheassociationofpsychopathictendencieswiththeoryofmindinoppositedirections
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Autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences modulate the association of psychopathic tendencies with theory of mind in opposite directions

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