Development of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review

Human industrialization has caused damage to ecosystems. In this context, researchers have developed several methods to assess the health of various types of ecosystems. In this paper, we evaluated the developmental history and status of ecosystem health (EH) and summarized the concept of EH. We als...

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Autores principales:	Shaokang Fu, Lin Zhao, Zhi Qiao, Tong Sun, Meng Sun, Yuying Hao, Siyu Hu, Yanchang Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	ecosystem ecosystem health assessment (EHA) indicators index application Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/483c21de9a3742998fc54a04135192ed
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:483c21de9a3742998fc54a04135192ed2021-11-11T19:32:20ZDevelopment of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review10.3390/su1321118382071-1050https://doaj.org/article/483c21de9a3742998fc54a04135192ed2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11838https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Human industrialization has caused damage to ecosystems. In this context, researchers have developed several methods to assess the health of various types of ecosystems. In this paper, we evaluated the developmental history and status of ecosystem health (EH) and summarized the concept of EH. We also reviewed ecosystem health assessment (EHA) methods and analyzed the application of EHA methods. EHA methods are generally classified into biological indicator and index system method. The former method is mainly based on the number of dominant species, such as diatom, plankton, and macroinvertebrate. Results indicate that trophic diatom index (TDI), plankton index of biotic integrity (P-IBI), and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) are the most commonly used indices. The latter method combines multiple ecosystem metrics and reflects ecosystem processes. The pressure–state–response (PSR) model most commonly uses the index system method. For the application of EHA methods, biological indicator methods are mostly applied in rivers/streams ecosystem, while the index system is primarily involved in urban ecosystems. Therefore, the information presented in this review may be helpful for the modification of EHA methods.Shaokang FuLin ZhaoZhi QiaoTong SunMeng SunYuying HaoSiyu HuYanchang ZhangMDPI AGarticleecosystemecosystem health assessment (EHA)indicatorsindexapplicationEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11838, p 11838 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ecosystem ecosystem health assessment (EHA) indicators index application Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	ecosystem ecosystem health assessment (EHA) indicators index application Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Shaokang Fu Lin Zhao Zhi Qiao Tong Sun Meng Sun Yuying Hao Siyu Hu Yanchang Zhang Development of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review
description	Human industrialization has caused damage to ecosystems. In this context, researchers have developed several methods to assess the health of various types of ecosystems. In this paper, we evaluated the developmental history and status of ecosystem health (EH) and summarized the concept of EH. We also reviewed ecosystem health assessment (EHA) methods and analyzed the application of EHA methods. EHA methods are generally classified into biological indicator and index system method. The former method is mainly based on the number of dominant species, such as diatom, plankton, and macroinvertebrate. Results indicate that trophic diatom index (TDI), plankton index of biotic integrity (P-IBI), and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) are the most commonly used indices. The latter method combines multiple ecosystem metrics and reflects ecosystem processes. The pressure–state–response (PSR) model most commonly uses the index system method. For the application of EHA methods, biological indicator methods are mostly applied in rivers/streams ecosystem, while the index system is primarily involved in urban ecosystems. Therefore, the information presented in this review may be helpful for the modification of EHA methods.
format	article
author	Shaokang Fu Lin Zhao Zhi Qiao Tong Sun Meng Sun Yuying Hao Siyu Hu Yanchang Zhang
author_facet	Shaokang Fu Lin Zhao Zhi Qiao Tong Sun Meng Sun Yuying Hao Siyu Hu Yanchang Zhang
author_sort	Shaokang Fu
title	Development of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review
title_short	Development of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review
title_full	Development of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review
title_fullStr	Development of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review
title_full_unstemmed	Development of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review
title_sort	development of ecosystem health assessment (eha) and application method: a review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/483c21de9a3742998fc54a04135192ed
work_keys_str_mv	AT shaokangfu developmentofecosystemhealthassessmentehaandapplicationmethodareview AT linzhao developmentofecosystemhealthassessmentehaandapplicationmethodareview AT zhiqiao developmentofecosystemhealthassessmentehaandapplicationmethodareview AT tongsun developmentofecosystemhealthassessmentehaandapplicationmethodareview AT mengsun developmentofecosystemhealthassessmentehaandapplicationmethodareview AT yuyinghao developmentofecosystemhealthassessmentehaandapplicationmethodareview AT siyuhu developmentofecosystemhealthassessmentehaandapplicationmethodareview AT yanchangzhang developmentofecosystemhealthassessmentehaandapplicationmethodareview
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Development of Ecosystem Health Assessment (EHA) and Application Method: A Review

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