Patient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia

Esileman Abdela Muche,1 Mekdes Kiflu,2 Mohammed Biset Ayalew1 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debremarkose University, Debremarkos,...

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Autores principales:	Muche EA, Kiflu M, Ayalew MB
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	cns adverse effect efavirenz antiretroviral therapy low- and middle-income country Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/48557868e73245bab629060d039144e2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:48557868e73245bab629060d039144e22021-12-02T11:35:58ZPatient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/48557868e73245bab629060d039144e22020-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/patient-reported-central-nervous-system-adverse-events-of-efavirenz-ba-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Esileman Abdela Muche,1 Mekdes Kiflu,2 Mohammed Biset Ayalew1 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debremarkose University, Debremarkos, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Mohammed Biset AyalewDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaTel +251943056330Email mb6767@gmail.comBackground: Central nervous system (CNS) toxicities from regimens containing efavirenz are the main reasons for non-adherence, switch and discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We aimed to assess prevalence of CNS adverse events and associated factors among HIV patients taking efavirenz-based regimens at the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH), Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 15 to May 15, 2018 on 345 patients living with HIV who were taking efavirenz-based regimens. Information on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics was taken from medical records and patient interview. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to determine association. Statistical significance was declared at P value of ≤ 0.05.Results: About 52.8% of participants experienced CNS adverse events. Vivid dreams, confusion, insomnia and somnolence were the most frequently reported adverse events. Most of the CNS adverse events occurred in the first year of treatment initiation and resolved within 1– 4 weeks. Age, economic status, CD4 count, disease stage, presence of comorbidities and concurrent use of other medication had a significant association with the occurrence of CNS adverse events.Conclusion: More than half of HIV patients taking efavirenz-based regimens at UoGCSH experienced CNS adverse events. Health-care providers should give attention to patients on efavirenz therapy to monitor for CNS adverse events, especially for patients who have low CD4 count, advanced disease, comorbidities, low income and are older in age.Keywords: CNS, adverse effect, efavirenz, antiretroviral therapy, low- and middle-income countryMuche EAKiflu MAyalew MBDove Medical Pressarticlecnsadverse effectefavirenzantiretroviral therapylow- and middle-income countryImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol Volume 12, Pp 601-609 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cns adverse effect efavirenz antiretroviral therapy low- and middle-income country Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	cns adverse effect efavirenz antiretroviral therapy low- and middle-income country Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Muche EA Kiflu M Ayalew MB Patient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia
description	Esileman Abdela Muche,1 Mekdes Kiflu,2 Mohammed Biset Ayalew1 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debremarkose University, Debremarkos, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Mohammed Biset AyalewDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaTel +251943056330Email mb6767@gmail.comBackground: Central nervous system (CNS) toxicities from regimens containing efavirenz are the main reasons for non-adherence, switch and discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We aimed to assess prevalence of CNS adverse events and associated factors among HIV patients taking efavirenz-based regimens at the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH), Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 15 to May 15, 2018 on 345 patients living with HIV who were taking efavirenz-based regimens. Information on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics was taken from medical records and patient interview. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to determine association. Statistical significance was declared at P value of ≤ 0.05.Results: About 52.8% of participants experienced CNS adverse events. Vivid dreams, confusion, insomnia and somnolence were the most frequently reported adverse events. Most of the CNS adverse events occurred in the first year of treatment initiation and resolved within 1– 4 weeks. Age, economic status, CD4 count, disease stage, presence of comorbidities and concurrent use of other medication had a significant association with the occurrence of CNS adverse events.Conclusion: More than half of HIV patients taking efavirenz-based regimens at UoGCSH experienced CNS adverse events. Health-care providers should give attention to patients on efavirenz therapy to monitor for CNS adverse events, especially for patients who have low CD4 count, advanced disease, comorbidities, low income and are older in age.Keywords: CNS, adverse effect, efavirenz, antiretroviral therapy, low- and middle-income country
format	article
author	Muche EA Kiflu M Ayalew MB
author_facet	Muche EA Kiflu M Ayalew MB
author_sort	Muche EA
title	Patient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia
title_short	Patient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia
title_full	Patient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia
title_fullStr	Patient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed	Patient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia
title_sort	patient reported central nervous system adverse events of efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy in people living with hiv in northwest ethiopia
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/48557868e73245bab629060d039144e2
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Patient Reported Central Nervous System Adverse Events of Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia

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