Study of Variability in Root System Architecture of Spanish <i>Triticum turgidum</i> L. Subspecies and Analysis of the Presence of a MITE Element Inserted in the <i>TtDro1B</i> Gene: Evolutionary Implications
We analysed nine traits of the root system of 223 genotypes of <i>Triticum turgidum</i> (2n = 4x = AABB) subspecies <i>dicoccoides</i>, <i>dicoccum</i>, <i>turgidum</i>, <i>durum</i> and <i>polonicum</i>, finding a large intra a...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/48bfd1f026cd48a2b2e364823338536f |
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| Sumario: | We analysed nine traits of the root system of 223 genotypes of <i>Triticum turgidum</i> (2n = 4x = AABB) subspecies <i>dicoccoides</i>, <i>dicoccum</i>, <i>turgidum</i>, <i>durum</i> and <i>polonicum</i>, finding a large intra and interspecific variability in both the number and size of roots, as well as in their spatial distribution. We studied the presence of an incomplete MITE (Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Element) inserted in the <i>TtDro1B</i> gene, which is present in some genotypes of <i>dicoccoides</i>, <i>dicoccum</i>, and <i>turgidum</i>, but not in <i>polonicum</i> and the 97.9% of the <i>durum</i> accessions. Comparison between genotypes shows that genotypes with the MITE element have smaller and shallower roots. Since <i>Aegilops</i> is considered to be the donor of the wheat B genome, the presence of the same MITE element was analysed in 55 accessions of the species <i>Aegilops speltoides</i>, <i>searsii</i>, <i>bicornis</i> and <i>longissima,</i> and in no case was it detected. We propose that after the emergence of <i>T. turgidum</i> subsp. <i>dicoccoides</i>, the insertion of the MITE element probably occurred in a single plant. Subsequent domestication resulted in genotypes of <i>dicoccum</i> with and without the MITE element, which after selection gave rise to the subspecies <i>turgidum</i>, and <i>durum</i> and <i>polonicum,</i> respectively. The MITE element can be used to differentiate <i>turgidum</i> from the <i>durum</i> and <i>polonicum</i> with high reliability. |
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