Molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.

Research of ancient pathogens in ancient human skeletons has been mainly carried out on the basis of one essential historical or archaeological observation, permitting specific pathogens to be targeted. Detection of ancient human pathogens without such evidence is more difficult, since the quantity...

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Autores principales:	Catherine Thèves, Alice Senescau, Stefano Vanin, Christine Keyser, François Xavier Ricaut, Anatoly N Alekseev, Henri Dabernat, Bertrand Ludes, Richard Fabre, Eric Crubézy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/48c9563553d14427a803b0fc43497dd5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:48c9563553d14427a803b0fc43497dd52021-11-18T06:50:23ZMolecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0021733https://doaj.org/article/48c9563553d14427a803b0fc43497dd52011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21765907/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Research of ancient pathogens in ancient human skeletons has been mainly carried out on the basis of one essential historical or archaeological observation, permitting specific pathogens to be targeted. Detection of ancient human pathogens without such evidence is more difficult, since the quantity and quality of ancient DNA, as well as the environmental bacteria potentially present in the sample, limit the analyses possible. Using human lung tissue and/or teeth samples from burials in eastern Siberia, dating from the end of 17(th) to the 19(th) century, we propose a methodology that includes the: 1) amplification of all 16S rDNA gene sequences present in each sample; 2) identification of all bacterial DNA sequences with a degree of identity ≥ 95%, according to quality criteria; 3) identification and confirmation of bacterial pathogens by the amplification of the rpoB gene; and 4) establishment of authenticity criteria for ancient DNA. This study demonstrates that from teeth samples originating from ancient human subjects, we can realise: 1) the correct identification of bacterial molecular sequence signatures by quality criteria; 2) the separation of environmental and pathogenic bacterial 16S rDNA sequences; 3) the distribution of bacterial species for each subject and for each burial; and 4) the characterisation of bacteria specific to the permafrost. Moreover, we identified three pathogens in different teeth samples by 16S rDNA sequence amplification: Bordetella sp., Streptococcus pneumoniae and Shigella dysenteriae. We tested for the presence of these pathogens by amplifying the rpoB gene. For the first time, we confirmed sequences from Bordetella pertussis in the lungs of an ancient male Siberian subject, whose grave dated from the end of the 17(th) century to the early 18(th) century.Catherine ThèvesAlice SenescauStefano VaninChristine KeyserFrançois Xavier RicautAnatoly N AlekseevHenri DabernatBertrand LudesRichard FabreEric CrubézyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 7, p e21733 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Catherine Thèves Alice Senescau Stefano Vanin Christine Keyser François Xavier Ricaut Anatoly N Alekseev Henri Dabernat Bertrand Ludes Richard Fabre Eric Crubézy Molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.
description	Research of ancient pathogens in ancient human skeletons has been mainly carried out on the basis of one essential historical or archaeological observation, permitting specific pathogens to be targeted. Detection of ancient human pathogens without such evidence is more difficult, since the quantity and quality of ancient DNA, as well as the environmental bacteria potentially present in the sample, limit the analyses possible. Using human lung tissue and/or teeth samples from burials in eastern Siberia, dating from the end of 17(th) to the 19(th) century, we propose a methodology that includes the: 1) amplification of all 16S rDNA gene sequences present in each sample; 2) identification of all bacterial DNA sequences with a degree of identity ≥ 95%, according to quality criteria; 3) identification and confirmation of bacterial pathogens by the amplification of the rpoB gene; and 4) establishment of authenticity criteria for ancient DNA. This study demonstrates that from teeth samples originating from ancient human subjects, we can realise: 1) the correct identification of bacterial molecular sequence signatures by quality criteria; 2) the separation of environmental and pathogenic bacterial 16S rDNA sequences; 3) the distribution of bacterial species for each subject and for each burial; and 4) the characterisation of bacteria specific to the permafrost. Moreover, we identified three pathogens in different teeth samples by 16S rDNA sequence amplification: Bordetella sp., Streptococcus pneumoniae and Shigella dysenteriae. We tested for the presence of these pathogens by amplifying the rpoB gene. For the first time, we confirmed sequences from Bordetella pertussis in the lungs of an ancient male Siberian subject, whose grave dated from the end of the 17(th) century to the early 18(th) century.
format	article
author	Catherine Thèves Alice Senescau Stefano Vanin Christine Keyser François Xavier Ricaut Anatoly N Alekseev Henri Dabernat Bertrand Ludes Richard Fabre Eric Crubézy
author_facet	Catherine Thèves Alice Senescau Stefano Vanin Christine Keyser François Xavier Ricaut Anatoly N Alekseev Henri Dabernat Bertrand Ludes Richard Fabre Eric Crubézy
author_sort	Catherine Thèves
title	Molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.
title_short	Molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.
title_full	Molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.
title_fullStr	Molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.
title_sort	molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/48c9563553d14427a803b0fc43497dd5
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Molecular identification of bacteria by total sequence screening: determining the cause of death in ancient human subjects.

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