Picoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process

We measured the feeding and growth rates of the sessile peritrich ciliate Vorticella similis on seven picocyanobacterial strains and their accompanying bacterial flora in microcosm experiments. This ciliate and several closely related Vorticella species are important indicators in the activated slud...

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Autores principales:	Thomas Weisse, Jitka Jezberova, Michael Moser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Picocyanobacteria Peritrich ciliates Growth rates Clearance rates Sewage treatment Activated sludge Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/48d5cb1acd6c4b40923ac0df0d43810a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:48d5cb1acd6c4b40923ac0df0d43810a2021-12-01T04:31:59ZPicoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106992https://doaj.org/article/48d5cb1acd6c4b40923ac0df0d43810a2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X20309316https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XWe measured the feeding and growth rates of the sessile peritrich ciliate Vorticella similis on seven picocyanobacterial strains and their accompanying bacterial flora in microcosm experiments. This ciliate and several closely related Vorticella species are important indicators in the activated sludge of water treatment plants and contribute significantly to the water purification process. The picocyanobacteria were isolated from oligo-mesotrophic subalpine lakes in Austria, central Europe, and represent different pigment types (phycoerythrin-rich, PE, and phycocyanin-rich, PC) and phylogenetic clusters. In contrast to most previous studies with peritrich ciliates, we calculated growth and grazing rates of V. similis from relatively long-term incubations (48 h). Ingestion and clearance rates were calculated from the rate of disappearance (ROD) of prey in experimental containers with ciliates, relative to controls without ciliates. The results confirmed the hypothesis that V. similis is an indiscriminative suspension feeder that would not select for prey features other than cell size. Ciliate ingestion rates depended on picoplankton abundance and biomass, but the type of the functional response of peritrich ciliates awaits further study. In particular, it needs to be tested if their grazing activity declines strongly at moderate to low food levels. The ROD method combined with the precise assessment of picoplankton abundances by flow cytometry that we used yielded moderately higher estimates of the ciliate feeding activity as previous short-term experiments using fluorescently labeled prey. The picocyanobacterial and bacterial ingestion rates that we obtained are the highest values thus far reported for sessile peritrich ciliates. Clearance rates of V. similis were also high but comparable to those of two other peritrich ciliate species. Our results can be used to quantify the tremendous significance of peritrich ciliates in the water purification process.Thomas WeisseJitka JezberovaMichael MoserElsevierarticlePicocyanobacteriaPeritrich ciliatesGrowth ratesClearance ratesSewage treatmentActivated sludgeEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 121, Iss , Pp 106992- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Picocyanobacteria Peritrich ciliates Growth rates Clearance rates Sewage treatment Activated sludge Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Picocyanobacteria Peritrich ciliates Growth rates Clearance rates Sewage treatment Activated sludge Ecology QH540-549.5 Thomas Weisse Jitka Jezberova Michael Moser Picoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process
description	We measured the feeding and growth rates of the sessile peritrich ciliate Vorticella similis on seven picocyanobacterial strains and their accompanying bacterial flora in microcosm experiments. This ciliate and several closely related Vorticella species are important indicators in the activated sludge of water treatment plants and contribute significantly to the water purification process. The picocyanobacteria were isolated from oligo-mesotrophic subalpine lakes in Austria, central Europe, and represent different pigment types (phycoerythrin-rich, PE, and phycocyanin-rich, PC) and phylogenetic clusters. In contrast to most previous studies with peritrich ciliates, we calculated growth and grazing rates of V. similis from relatively long-term incubations (48 h). Ingestion and clearance rates were calculated from the rate of disappearance (ROD) of prey in experimental containers with ciliates, relative to controls without ciliates. The results confirmed the hypothesis that V. similis is an indiscriminative suspension feeder that would not select for prey features other than cell size. Ciliate ingestion rates depended on picoplankton abundance and biomass, but the type of the functional response of peritrich ciliates awaits further study. In particular, it needs to be tested if their grazing activity declines strongly at moderate to low food levels. The ROD method combined with the precise assessment of picoplankton abundances by flow cytometry that we used yielded moderately higher estimates of the ciliate feeding activity as previous short-term experiments using fluorescently labeled prey. The picocyanobacterial and bacterial ingestion rates that we obtained are the highest values thus far reported for sessile peritrich ciliates. Clearance rates of V. similis were also high but comparable to those of two other peritrich ciliate species. Our results can be used to quantify the tremendous significance of peritrich ciliates in the water purification process.
format	article
author	Thomas Weisse Jitka Jezberova Michael Moser
author_facet	Thomas Weisse Jitka Jezberova Michael Moser
author_sort	Thomas Weisse
title	Picoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process
title_short	Picoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process
title_full	Picoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process
title_fullStr	Picoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process
title_full_unstemmed	Picoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process
title_sort	picoplankton feeding by the ciliate vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/48d5cb1acd6c4b40923ac0df0d43810a
work_keys_str_mv	AT thomasweisse picoplanktonfeedingbytheciliatevorticellasimilisincomparisontootherperitrichsemphasizestheirsignificanceinthewaterpurificationprocess AT jitkajezberova picoplanktonfeedingbytheciliatevorticellasimilisincomparisontootherperitrichsemphasizestheirsignificanceinthewaterpurificationprocess AT michaelmoser picoplanktonfeedingbytheciliatevorticellasimilisincomparisontootherperitrichsemphasizestheirsignificanceinthewaterpurificationprocess
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Picoplankton feeding by the ciliate Vorticella similis in comparison to other peritrichs emphasizes their significance in the water purification process

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