Paraoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures

Acute and chronic exposures to widely used organophosphorus (OP) insecticides are common. Children's <a title="Learn more about Detoxification" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/detoxification">detoxification</a> mechanisms are not...

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Autores principales:	Judit Marsillach, Lucio G. Costa, Clement E. Furlong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2016
Materias:	early-life exposures environmental health organophosphates neurodevelopment paraoxonase-1 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/48fedb43e1764362b6dcf299838727e1
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:48fedb43e1764362b6dcf299838727e1
record_format	dspace
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	early-life exposures environmental health organophosphates neurodevelopment paraoxonase-1 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	early-life exposures environmental health organophosphates neurodevelopment paraoxonase-1 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Judit Marsillach Lucio G. Costa Clement E. Furlong Paraoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures
description	Acute and chronic exposures to widely used organophosphorus (OP) insecticides are common. Children's <a title="Learn more about Detoxification" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/detoxification">detoxification</a> mechanisms are not well developed until several years after birth. The increased cases of <a title="Learn more about Neurodevelopmental disorder" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neurodevelopmental-disorder">neurodevelopmental disorders</a> in children, together with their increased susceptibility to OP <a title="Learn more about Neurotoxicity" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neurotoxicity">neurotoxicity</a> cannot be explained by genetic factors alone but could be related to <a title="Learn more about Gene-environment Interactions" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/gene-environment-interactions">gene-environment interactions</a>. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an enzyme that can detoxify OPs but its catalytic efficiency for hydrolysis to certain OPs is modulated by the Q192R polymorphism. Studies with animals have provided important information on the role of PON1 in protecting against <a title="Learn more about Gestational age" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/gestational-age">gestational</a> and postnatal toxicity to OPs. The 'PON1''Q192' <a title="Learn more about Allele" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/allele">allele</a> is less efficient in hydrolyzing certain OPs than the 'PON1''R192'allele. Maternal PON1 status (PON1 activity levels, the most important measurement, and functional Q192R phenotype) modulates the detrimental effects of exposure to the OP chlorpyrifos oxon on fetal brain gene expression and biomarkers of exposure. Epidemiologic studies suggest that children from mothers with lower PON1 status who were in contact with OPs during pregnancy tend to show smaller head circumference at birth and adverse effects in <a title="Learn more about Cognitive Function" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/cognitive-function">cognitive function</a> during childhood. Infants and children are vulnerable to OP toxicity. The detrimental consequences of OPs on <a title="Learn more about Neural development" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neural-development">neurodevelopment</a> can lead to future generations with permanent cognitive problems and susceptibility to develop <a title="Learn more about Neurodegeneration" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neurodegeneration">neurodegenerative diseases</a>. Improved methods using mass spectrometry to monitor OP-adducted biomarker proteins are needed and will be extremely helpful in early life biomonitoring, while measurement of PON1 status as a biomarker of susceptibility will help identify mothers and children highly sensitive to OPs. The use of adductomics instead of <a title="Learn more about Enzyme assay" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/enzyme-assay">enzymatic activity</a> assays for biomonitoring OP exposures have proved to provide several advantages, including the use of <a title="Learn more about Dried blood spot" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/dried-blood-spot">dried blood spots</a>, which would facilitate monitoring newborn babies and children.
format	article
author	Judit Marsillach Lucio G. Costa Clement E. Furlong
author_facet	Judit Marsillach Lucio G. Costa Clement E. Furlong
author_sort	Judit Marsillach
title	Paraoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures
title_short	Paraoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures
title_full	Paraoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures
title_fullStr	Paraoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures
title_full_unstemmed	Paraoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures
title_sort	paraoxonase-1 and early-life environmental exposures
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/48fedb43e1764362b6dcf299838727e1
work_keys_str_mv	AT juditmarsillach paraoxonase1andearlylifeenvironmentalexposures AT luciogcosta paraoxonase1andearlylifeenvironmentalexposures AT clementefurlong paraoxonase1andearlylifeenvironmentalexposures
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:48fedb43e1764362b6dcf299838727e12021-12-02T08:07:41ZParaoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures2214-999610.1016/j.aogh.2016.01.009https://doaj.org/article/48fedb43e1764362b6dcf299838727e12016-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/1166https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996Acute and chronic exposures to widely used organophosphorus (OP) insecticides are common. Children's <a title="Learn more about Detoxification" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/detoxification">detoxification</a> mechanisms are not well developed until several years after birth. The increased cases of <a title="Learn more about Neurodevelopmental disorder" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neurodevelopmental-disorder">neurodevelopmental disorders</a> in children, together with their increased susceptibility to OP <a title="Learn more about Neurotoxicity" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neurotoxicity">neurotoxicity</a> cannot be explained by genetic factors alone but could be related to <a title="Learn more about Gene-environment Interactions" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/gene-environment-interactions">gene-environment interactions</a>. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an enzyme that can detoxify OPs but its catalytic efficiency for hydrolysis to certain OPs is modulated by the Q192R polymorphism. Studies with animals have provided important information on the role of PON1 in protecting against <a title="Learn more about Gestational age" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/gestational-age">gestational</a> and postnatal toxicity to OPs. The 'PON1''Q192' <a title="Learn more about Allele" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/allele">allele</a> is less efficient in hydrolyzing certain OPs than the 'PON1''R192'allele. Maternal PON1 status (PON1 activity levels, the most important measurement, and functional Q192R phenotype) modulates the detrimental effects of exposure to the OP chlorpyrifos oxon on fetal brain gene expression and biomarkers of exposure. Epidemiologic studies suggest that children from mothers with lower PON1 status who were in contact with OPs during pregnancy tend to show smaller head circumference at birth and adverse effects in <a title="Learn more about Cognitive Function" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/cognitive-function">cognitive function</a> during childhood. Infants and children are vulnerable to OP toxicity. The detrimental consequences of OPs on <a title="Learn more about Neural development" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neural-development">neurodevelopment</a> can lead to future generations with permanent cognitive problems and susceptibility to develop <a title="Learn more about Neurodegeneration" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neurodegeneration">neurodegenerative diseases</a>. Improved methods using mass spectrometry to monitor OP-adducted biomarker proteins are needed and will be extremely helpful in early life biomonitoring, while measurement of PON1 status as a biomarker of susceptibility will help identify mothers and children highly sensitive to OPs. The use of adductomics instead of <a title="Learn more about Enzyme assay" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/enzyme-assay">enzymatic activity</a> assays for biomonitoring OP exposures have proved to provide several advantages, including the use of <a title="Learn more about Dried blood spot" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/dried-blood-spot">dried blood spots</a>, which would facilitate monitoring newborn babies and children.Judit MarsillachLucio G. CostaClement E. FurlongUbiquity Pressarticleearly-life exposuresenvironmental healthorganophosphatesneurodevelopmentparaoxonase-1Infectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 82, Iss 1, Pp 100-110 (2016)

Paraoxonase-1 and Early-Life Environmental Exposures

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