Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients

In patients with cancer—and especially some specific subtypes—the heart can be pathologically affected due to the direct action of the tumor or its secretion products or due to the toxicity of some oncological treatments. Cardiac biomarkers have been investigated as inexpensive and easily accessible...

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Autores principales:	Gennaro Carmine Semeraro, Carlo Maria Cipolla, Daniela Maria Cardinale
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	androgen deprivation carcinoid cardiac amyloidosis cardiac biomarkers cardio-oncology cardiotoxicity Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/490324f329744bee9111f56a5418de51
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:490324f329744bee9111f56a5418de512021-11-11T15:31:13ZRole of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients10.3390/cancers132154262072-6694https://doaj.org/article/490324f329744bee9111f56a5418de512021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5426https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694In patients with cancer—and especially some specific subtypes—the heart can be pathologically affected due to the direct action of the tumor or its secretion products or due to the toxicity of some oncological treatments. Cardiac biomarkers have been investigated as inexpensive and easily accessible tools for prediction, early diagnosis, monitoring, or prognosis of various forms of cancer-related cardiac diseases. However, their clinical usefulness was not always clearly demonstrated in every area of cardioncology. For the identification of anthracycline related cardiotoxicity in the very early stages troponins proved to be more efficient detectors than imaging methods. Nevertheless, the lack of a standardized dosage methodology and of cardiotoxicity specific thresholds, do not yet allow to outline the precise way to employ them in clinical routine and to incorporate them into appropriate diagnostic or managing algorithms. Cardiac biomarkers proved also effective in patients with primary cardiac amyloidosis, in which both troponins and natriuretic peptides were able to predict adverse outcome, and carcinoid heart disease, where a precise diagnostic cut-off for N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was identified to screen patients with valvular involvement. Likewise, NT-proBNP proved to be an excellent predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). On the contrary, evidence is still not sufficient to promote the routine use of cardiac biomarkers to early diagnose myocarditis due to immune check points inhibitors (ICIs), radiotherapy induced cardiotoxicity and cardiac complications related to androgenetic deprivation. In this review we present all the evidence gathered so far regarding the usefulness and limitations of these relatively inexpensive diagnostic tools in the field of cardio-oncology.Gennaro Carmine SemeraroCarlo Maria CipollaDaniela Maria CardinaleMDPI AGarticleandrogen deprivationcarcinoidcardiac amyloidosiscardiac biomarkerscardio-oncologycardiotoxicityNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5426, p 5426 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	androgen deprivation carcinoid cardiac amyloidosis cardiac biomarkers cardio-oncology cardiotoxicity Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	androgen deprivation carcinoid cardiac amyloidosis cardiac biomarkers cardio-oncology cardiotoxicity Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Gennaro Carmine Semeraro Carlo Maria Cipolla Daniela Maria Cardinale Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients
description	In patients with cancer—and especially some specific subtypes—the heart can be pathologically affected due to the direct action of the tumor or its secretion products or due to the toxicity of some oncological treatments. Cardiac biomarkers have been investigated as inexpensive and easily accessible tools for prediction, early diagnosis, monitoring, or prognosis of various forms of cancer-related cardiac diseases. However, their clinical usefulness was not always clearly demonstrated in every area of cardioncology. For the identification of anthracycline related cardiotoxicity in the very early stages troponins proved to be more efficient detectors than imaging methods. Nevertheless, the lack of a standardized dosage methodology and of cardiotoxicity specific thresholds, do not yet allow to outline the precise way to employ them in clinical routine and to incorporate them into appropriate diagnostic or managing algorithms. Cardiac biomarkers proved also effective in patients with primary cardiac amyloidosis, in which both troponins and natriuretic peptides were able to predict adverse outcome, and carcinoid heart disease, where a precise diagnostic cut-off for N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was identified to screen patients with valvular involvement. Likewise, NT-proBNP proved to be an excellent predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). On the contrary, evidence is still not sufficient to promote the routine use of cardiac biomarkers to early diagnose myocarditis due to immune check points inhibitors (ICIs), radiotherapy induced cardiotoxicity and cardiac complications related to androgenetic deprivation. In this review we present all the evidence gathered so far regarding the usefulness and limitations of these relatively inexpensive diagnostic tools in the field of cardio-oncology.
format	article
author	Gennaro Carmine Semeraro Carlo Maria Cipolla Daniela Maria Cardinale
author_facet	Gennaro Carmine Semeraro Carlo Maria Cipolla Daniela Maria Cardinale
author_sort	Gennaro Carmine Semeraro
title	Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients
title_short	Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients
title_full	Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients
title_fullStr	Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients
title_full_unstemmed	Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients
title_sort	role of cardiac biomarkers in cancer patients
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/490324f329744bee9111f56a5418de51
work_keys_str_mv	AT gennarocarminesemeraro roleofcardiacbiomarkersincancerpatients AT carlomariacipolla roleofcardiacbiomarkersincancerpatients AT danielamariacardinale roleofcardiacbiomarkersincancerpatients
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Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients

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