Regional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults

Muteb Alanazi,1,2 Patrick Caroline,2 Amane Alshamrani,2 Turki Alanazi,3 Maria Liu4 1Optometry Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR, USA; 3School of Engineering and Applied Science, The...

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Autores principales:	Alanazi M, Caroline P, Alshamrani A, Alanazi T, Liu M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	choroid diurnal variation myopia optical coherence tomography Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4922130bd4234f5886c5ef349ab10a23
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4922130bd4234f5886c5ef349ab10a232021-11-30T18:50:37ZRegional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/4922130bd4234f5886c5ef349ab10a232021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/regional-distribution-of-choroidal-thickness-and-diurnal-variation-in--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Muteb Alanazi,1,2 Patrick Caroline,2 Amane Alshamrani,2 Turki Alanazi,3 Maria Liu4 1Optometry Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR, USA; 3School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; 4UC Berkeley School of Optometry, Berkeley, CA, USACorrespondence: Muteb Alanazi Tel +966 5651227716Email mkalanazi@ksu.edu.saPurpose: To examine the regional distribution of choroidal thickness (ChT) and the diurnal variation in ChT and axial length (AL) over a wide range of myopic refractive error.Methods: ChT was measured in thirty-four healthy young adults (age mean ± SD: 25.2 ± 2.8, range: 18– 35 years) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and AL using an IOL-Master 500. Participants were divided into three refractive groups: emmetropes, myopes, and high myopes. We evaluated ChT in macular (foveal, parafovea, and perifovea) and peripheral regions (6-mm from the foveal pit) in four quadrants (superior, temporal, inferior, and nasal). To assess the diurnal variation, three measurement sessions of ChT and AL were taken at 8 AM, 12 PM, 4 PM.Results: ChT thins progressively towards the periphery. Superior and nasal quadrants exhibited the thickest (277 ± 73 μm) and thinnest (218 ± 89 μm) choroid, respectively. Higher myopic eyes showed an overall thinner choroid (237 ± 48 μm) compared to myopic eyes (264 ± 78 μm) (P < 0.05). Higher myopes exhibited a significant choroidal thinning in all quadrants except in the temporal quadrant (all p < 0.05). Both ChT and AL underwent a significant diurnal variation (p < 0.05). The ChT and AL diurnal variation amplitudes in higher myopes were significantly reduced (ChT: 14.6 ± 11, AL: 14.5 ± 13 μm), compared to those in emmetropes (ChT: 21.4 ± 15, AL: 21.3 ± 8.5 μm) and myopes (ChT: 19 ± 17, AL: 19 ± 9.7 μm). Diurnal variation amplitude in ChT did not differ significantly across quadrants and choroidal eccentricity regions (p > 0.05).Conclusion: ChT distribution varies based on quadrant and eccentricity; superior choroid exhibited the thickest, and nasal showed the thinnest choroid. Higher myopes experience a reduced diurnal variation in ChT and AL.Keywords: choroid, diurnal variation, myopia, optical coherence tomographyAlanazi MCaroline PAlshamrani AAlanazi TLiu MDove Medical Pressarticlechoroiddiurnal variationmyopiaoptical coherence tomographyOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 15, Pp 4573-4584 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	choroid diurnal variation myopia optical coherence tomography Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	choroid diurnal variation myopia optical coherence tomography Ophthalmology RE1-994 Alanazi M Caroline P Alshamrani A Alanazi T Liu M Regional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults
description	Muteb Alanazi,1,2 Patrick Caroline,2 Amane Alshamrani,2 Turki Alanazi,3 Maria Liu4 1Optometry Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR, USA; 3School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; 4UC Berkeley School of Optometry, Berkeley, CA, USACorrespondence: Muteb Alanazi Tel +966 5651227716Email mkalanazi@ksu.edu.saPurpose: To examine the regional distribution of choroidal thickness (ChT) and the diurnal variation in ChT and axial length (AL) over a wide range of myopic refractive error.Methods: ChT was measured in thirty-four healthy young adults (age mean ± SD: 25.2 ± 2.8, range: 18– 35 years) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and AL using an IOL-Master 500. Participants were divided into three refractive groups: emmetropes, myopes, and high myopes. We evaluated ChT in macular (foveal, parafovea, and perifovea) and peripheral regions (6-mm from the foveal pit) in four quadrants (superior, temporal, inferior, and nasal). To assess the diurnal variation, three measurement sessions of ChT and AL were taken at 8 AM, 12 PM, 4 PM.Results: ChT thins progressively towards the periphery. Superior and nasal quadrants exhibited the thickest (277 ± 73 μm) and thinnest (218 ± 89 μm) choroid, respectively. Higher myopic eyes showed an overall thinner choroid (237 ± 48 μm) compared to myopic eyes (264 ± 78 μm) (P < 0.05). Higher myopes exhibited a significant choroidal thinning in all quadrants except in the temporal quadrant (all p < 0.05). Both ChT and AL underwent a significant diurnal variation (p < 0.05). The ChT and AL diurnal variation amplitudes in higher myopes were significantly reduced (ChT: 14.6 ± 11, AL: 14.5 ± 13 μm), compared to those in emmetropes (ChT: 21.4 ± 15, AL: 21.3 ± 8.5 μm) and myopes (ChT: 19 ± 17, AL: 19 ± 9.7 μm). Diurnal variation amplitude in ChT did not differ significantly across quadrants and choroidal eccentricity regions (p > 0.05).Conclusion: ChT distribution varies based on quadrant and eccentricity; superior choroid exhibited the thickest, and nasal showed the thinnest choroid. Higher myopes experience a reduced diurnal variation in ChT and AL.Keywords: choroid, diurnal variation, myopia, optical coherence tomography
format	article
author	Alanazi M Caroline P Alshamrani A Alanazi T Liu M
author_facet	Alanazi M Caroline P Alshamrani A Alanazi T Liu M
author_sort	Alanazi M
title	Regional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults
title_short	Regional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults
title_full	Regional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults
title_fullStr	Regional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults
title_full_unstemmed	Regional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults
title_sort	regional distribution of choroidal thickness and diurnal variation in choroidal thickness and axial length in young adults
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4922130bd4234f5886c5ef349ab10a23
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Regional Distribution of Choroidal Thickness and Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length in Young Adults

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