Raspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests

Abstract Bespoke (custom‐built) Raspberry Pi cameras are increasingly popular research tools in the fields of behavioral ecology and conservation, because of their comparative flexibility in programmable settings, ability to be paired with other sensors, and because they are typically cheaper than c...

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Autores principales:	Hannah F. R. Hereward, Richard J. Facey, Alyssa J. Sargent, Sara Roda, Matthew L. Couldwell, Emma L. Renshaw, Katie H. Shaw, Jack J. Devlin, Sarah E. Long, Ben J. Porter, Jodie M. Henderson, Christa L. Emmett, Laura Astbury, Luke Maggs, Sean A. Rands, Robert J. Thomas
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	Animal behavior bespoke camera burrow‐nesting interspecific interactions nest box Raspberry Pi Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/492702e3ebc54494a3348d6837bf5371
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:492702e3ebc54494a3348d6837bf53712021-11-08T17:10:40ZRaspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests2045-775810.1002/ece3.8127https://doaj.org/article/492702e3ebc54494a3348d6837bf53712021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8127https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758Abstract Bespoke (custom‐built) Raspberry Pi cameras are increasingly popular research tools in the fields of behavioral ecology and conservation, because of their comparative flexibility in programmable settings, ability to be paired with other sensors, and because they are typically cheaper than commercially built models. Here, we describe a novel, Raspberry Pi‐based camera system that is fully portable and yet weatherproof—especially to humidity and salt spray. The camera was paired with a passive infrared sensor, to create a movement‐triggered camera capable of recording videos over a 24‐hr period. We describe an example deployment involving “retro‐fitting” these cameras into artificial nest boxes on Praia Islet, Azores archipelago, Portugal, to monitor the behaviors and interspecific interactions of two sympatric species of storm‐petrel (Monteiro's storm‐petrel Hydrobates monteiroi and Madeiran storm‐petrel Hydrobates castro) during their respective breeding seasons. Of the 138 deployments, 70% of all deployments were deemed to be “Successful” (Successful was defined as continuous footage being recorded for more than one hour without an interruption), which equated to 87% of the individual 30‐s videos. The bespoke cameras proved to be easily portable between 54 different nests and reasonably weatherproof (~14% of deployments classed as “Partial” or “Failure” deployments were specifically due to the weather/humidity), and we make further trouble‐shooting suggestions to mitigate additional weather‐related failures. Here, we have shown that this system is fully portable and capable of coping with salt spray and humidity, and consequently, the camera‐build methods and scripts could be applied easily to many different species that also utilize cavities, burrows, and artificial nests, and can potentially be adapted for other wildlife monitoring situations to provide novel insights into species‐specific daily cycles of behaviors and interspecies interactions.Hannah F. R. HerewardRichard J. FaceyAlyssa J. SargentSara RodaMatthew L. CouldwellEmma L. RenshawKatie H. ShawJack J. DevlinSarah E. LongBen J. PorterJodie M. HendersonChrista L. EmmettLaura AstburyLuke MaggsSean A. RandsRobert J. ThomasWileyarticleAnimal behaviorbespoke cameraburrow‐nestinginterspecific interactionsnest boxRaspberry PiEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 21, Pp 14585-14597 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Animal behavior bespoke camera burrow‐nesting interspecific interactions nest box Raspberry Pi Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Animal behavior bespoke camera burrow‐nesting interspecific interactions nest box Raspberry Pi Ecology QH540-549.5 Hannah F. R. Hereward Richard J. Facey Alyssa J. Sargent Sara Roda Matthew L. Couldwell Emma L. Renshaw Katie H. Shaw Jack J. Devlin Sarah E. Long Ben J. Porter Jodie M. Henderson Christa L. Emmett Laura Astbury Luke Maggs Sean A. Rands Robert J. Thomas Raspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests
description	Abstract Bespoke (custom‐built) Raspberry Pi cameras are increasingly popular research tools in the fields of behavioral ecology and conservation, because of their comparative flexibility in programmable settings, ability to be paired with other sensors, and because they are typically cheaper than commercially built models. Here, we describe a novel, Raspberry Pi‐based camera system that is fully portable and yet weatherproof—especially to humidity and salt spray. The camera was paired with a passive infrared sensor, to create a movement‐triggered camera capable of recording videos over a 24‐hr period. We describe an example deployment involving “retro‐fitting” these cameras into artificial nest boxes on Praia Islet, Azores archipelago, Portugal, to monitor the behaviors and interspecific interactions of two sympatric species of storm‐petrel (Monteiro's storm‐petrel Hydrobates monteiroi and Madeiran storm‐petrel Hydrobates castro) during their respective breeding seasons. Of the 138 deployments, 70% of all deployments were deemed to be “Successful” (Successful was defined as continuous footage being recorded for more than one hour without an interruption), which equated to 87% of the individual 30‐s videos. The bespoke cameras proved to be easily portable between 54 different nests and reasonably weatherproof (~14% of deployments classed as “Partial” or “Failure” deployments were specifically due to the weather/humidity), and we make further trouble‐shooting suggestions to mitigate additional weather‐related failures. Here, we have shown that this system is fully portable and capable of coping with salt spray and humidity, and consequently, the camera‐build methods and scripts could be applied easily to many different species that also utilize cavities, burrows, and artificial nests, and can potentially be adapted for other wildlife monitoring situations to provide novel insights into species‐specific daily cycles of behaviors and interspecies interactions.
format	article
author	Hannah F. R. Hereward Richard J. Facey Alyssa J. Sargent Sara Roda Matthew L. Couldwell Emma L. Renshaw Katie H. Shaw Jack J. Devlin Sarah E. Long Ben J. Porter Jodie M. Henderson Christa L. Emmett Laura Astbury Luke Maggs Sean A. Rands Robert J. Thomas
author_facet	Hannah F. R. Hereward Richard J. Facey Alyssa J. Sargent Sara Roda Matthew L. Couldwell Emma L. Renshaw Katie H. Shaw Jack J. Devlin Sarah E. Long Ben J. Porter Jodie M. Henderson Christa L. Emmett Laura Astbury Luke Maggs Sean A. Rands Robert J. Thomas
author_sort	Hannah F. R. Hereward
title	Raspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests
title_short	Raspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests
title_full	Raspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests
title_fullStr	Raspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests
title_full_unstemmed	Raspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests
title_sort	raspberry pi nest cameras: an affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/492702e3ebc54494a3348d6837bf5371
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Raspberry Pi nest cameras: An affordable tool for remote behavioral and conservation monitoring of bird nests

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