Immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases caused by both terminal defects in keratinocyte differentiation, and pronounced type 2 immune responses. Atopic dermatitis is a fairly heterogenous disease, depending on the age subtype caused by activation of the Th22, T...

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Autores principales:	M. B. Drozhdina, E. V. Suslova
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	RU
Publicado:	SPb RAACI 2021
Materias:	atopic dermatitis cytokines il-4, il-5 il-13 il-25 il-31 ccl18 il-22 s100a ifnγ cxcl9 cxcl10 psoriasis tweak protein Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/49536256660d454aa0bea92cd3bbb700
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:49536256660d454aa0bea92cd3bbb7002021-11-18T08:03:50ZImmune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes1563-06252313-741X10.15789/1563-0625-IRI-2138https://doaj.org/article/49536256660d454aa0bea92cd3bbb7002021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2138https://doaj.org/toc/1563-0625https://doaj.org/toc/2313-741XAtopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases caused by both terminal defects in keratinocyte differentiation, and pronounced type 2 immune responses. Atopic dermatitis is a fairly heterogenous disease, depending on the age subtype caused by activation of the Th22, Th17/IL-23 and Th1 cytokine pathway. Clinical studies using classical and targeted therapies have helped to determine contribution of various immune axes to the disease phenotype.We present the modern activation theory mediated by Th2 reactions, due to congenital lymphoid cells of the 2nd group. Correlations between immune response in acute (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31, CCL18, IL-22, S100A proteins) and chronic (IFNγ, CXCL9, and CXCL10) manifestations of atopic dermatitis are described. The theory of relationship between clinical manifestations and overexpression of some cytokines (IL-4, IL-13) is discussed. The correlation was shown between peripheral blood phenotype in atopic dermatitis of early childhood and in adult patients and individual production of serum biomarkers. In addition to excess Th17 production, early onset of atopic dermatitis in children correlated with elevated levels of antimicrobial peptides, which may serve as a signaling marker that triggers the disease. The article provides information about relationship between atopic dermatitis and other systemic non-allergic processes and diseases (psoriasis, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, obesity). Despite different polarity of T cells in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, and different groups of cytokines produced in these diseases. Psoriasis is most of all due to Th17 associated with activation of IL-17, whereas atopic dermatitis is a consequence of Th2 dominance and associated excessive production of IL-4 and IL-13. The both diseases show activation of Th1 and Th22 with increased production of interferon-γ and IL-22, respectively. The article also concerns an interesting hypothesis on effects of the TWEAK protein upon clinical course of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. In response to increased TWEAK activity, keratinocytes and skin fibroblasts produce a number of chemoattractant and pro-inflammatory factors commonly found in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, in particular IL-13 and IL-17. TWEAK is not a single etiological factor for atopic dermatitis or psoriasis, but it causes the production of chemokines that promote chemotaxis of pathogenic inflammatory cells into the skin. With further studies of this pathogenetic factor, it will be possible to synthesize a new targeted drug for the treatment of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.M. B. DrozhdinaE. V. SuslovaSPb RAACIarticleatopic dermatitiscytokinesil-4, il-5il-13il-25il-31ccl18il-22s100aifnγcxcl9cxcl10psoriasistweak proteinImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607RUMedicinskaâ Immunologiâ, Vol 23, Iss 2, Pp 237-244 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	RU
topic	atopic dermatitis cytokines il-4, il-5 il-13 il-25 il-31 ccl18 il-22 s100a ifnγ cxcl9 cxcl10 psoriasis tweak protein Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	atopic dermatitis cytokines il-4, il-5 il-13 il-25 il-31 ccl18 il-22 s100a ifnγ cxcl9 cxcl10 psoriasis tweak protein Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 M. B. Drozhdina E. V. Suslova Immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes
description	Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases caused by both terminal defects in keratinocyte differentiation, and pronounced type 2 immune responses. Atopic dermatitis is a fairly heterogenous disease, depending on the age subtype caused by activation of the Th22, Th17/IL-23 and Th1 cytokine pathway. Clinical studies using classical and targeted therapies have helped to determine contribution of various immune axes to the disease phenotype.We present the modern activation theory mediated by Th2 reactions, due to congenital lymphoid cells of the 2nd group. Correlations between immune response in acute (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31, CCL18, IL-22, S100A proteins) and chronic (IFNγ, CXCL9, and CXCL10) manifestations of atopic dermatitis are described. The theory of relationship between clinical manifestations and overexpression of some cytokines (IL-4, IL-13) is discussed. The correlation was shown between peripheral blood phenotype in atopic dermatitis of early childhood and in adult patients and individual production of serum biomarkers. In addition to excess Th17 production, early onset of atopic dermatitis in children correlated with elevated levels of antimicrobial peptides, which may serve as a signaling marker that triggers the disease. The article provides information about relationship between atopic dermatitis and other systemic non-allergic processes and diseases (psoriasis, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, obesity). Despite different polarity of T cells in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, and different groups of cytokines produced in these diseases. Psoriasis is most of all due to Th17 associated with activation of IL-17, whereas atopic dermatitis is a consequence of Th2 dominance and associated excessive production of IL-4 and IL-13. The both diseases show activation of Th1 and Th22 with increased production of interferon-γ and IL-22, respectively. The article also concerns an interesting hypothesis on effects of the TWEAK protein upon clinical course of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. In response to increased TWEAK activity, keratinocytes and skin fibroblasts produce a number of chemoattractant and pro-inflammatory factors commonly found in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, in particular IL-13 and IL-17. TWEAK is not a single etiological factor for atopic dermatitis or psoriasis, but it causes the production of chemokines that promote chemotaxis of pathogenic inflammatory cells into the skin. With further studies of this pathogenetic factor, it will be possible to synthesize a new targeted drug for the treatment of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
format	article
author	M. B. Drozhdina E. V. Suslova
author_facet	M. B. Drozhdina E. V. Suslova
author_sort	M. B. Drozhdina
title	Immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes
title_short	Immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes
title_full	Immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes
title_fullStr	Immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes
title_full_unstemmed	Immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes
title_sort	immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes
publisher	SPb RAACI
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/49536256660d454aa0bea92cd3bbb700
work_keys_str_mv	AT mbdrozhdina immuneresponseinatopicdermatitismainpathogeneticmechanismsandstagedependentcorrelationswithageinregardtodermatologicalandnondermatologicalsystemicprocesses AT evsuslova immuneresponseinatopicdermatitismainpathogeneticmechanismsandstagedependentcorrelationswithageinregardtodermatologicalandnondermatologicalsystemicprocesses
_version_	1718422283225137152

Immune response in atopic dermatitis: main pathogenetic mechanisms and stage-dependent correlations with age in regard to dermatological and non-dermatological systemic processes

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