Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions

Alcohol and other substance use disorders share comorbidity with other RDS disorders, i.e., a reduction in dopamine signaling within the reward pathway. RDS is a term that connects addictive, obsessive, compulsive, and impulsive behavioral disorders. An estimated 2 million individuals in the United...

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Autores principales:	Kenneth Blum, Abdalla Bowirrat, Eric R. Braverman, David Baron, Jean Lud Cadet, Shan Kazmi, Igor Elman, Panyotis K. Thanos, Rajendra D. Badgaiyan, William B. Downs, Debasis Bagchi, Luis Llanos-Gomez, Mark S. Gold
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	dopamine homeostasis precision addiction management GARS KB220 reward deficiency syndrome (RDS) neuroimaging Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/49724ca06beb445fb842ba82741f2ac4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:49724ca06beb445fb842ba82741f2ac42021-11-11T16:38:59ZReward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions10.3390/ijerph1821115291660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/49724ca06beb445fb842ba82741f2ac42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11529https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Alcohol and other substance use disorders share comorbidity with other RDS disorders, i.e., a reduction in dopamine signaling within the reward pathway. RDS is a term that connects addictive, obsessive, compulsive, and impulsive behavioral disorders. An estimated 2 million individuals in the United States have opioid use disorder related to prescription opioids. It is estimated that the overall cost of the illegal and legally prescribed opioid crisis exceeds one trillion dollars. Opioid Replacement Therapy is the most common treatment for addictions and other RDS disorders. Even after repeated relapses, patients are repeatedly prescribed the same opioid replacement treatments. A recent JAMA report indicates that non-opioid treatments fare better than chronic opioid treatments. Research demonstrates that over 50 percent of all suicides are related to alcohol or other drug use. In addition to effective fellowship programs and spirituality acceptance, nutrigenomic therapies (e.g., KB220Z) optimize gene expression, rebalance neurotransmitters, and restore neurotransmitter functional connectivity. KB220Z was shown to increase functional connectivity across specific brain regions involved in dopaminergic function. KB220/Z significantly reduces RDS behavioral disorders and relapse in human DUI offenders. Taking a Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) test combined with a the KB220Z semi-customized nutrigenomic supplement effectively restores dopamine homeostasis (WC 199).Kenneth BlumAbdalla BowirratEric R. BravermanDavid BaronJean Lud CadetShan KazmiIgor ElmanPanyotis K. ThanosRajendra D. BadgaiyanWilliam B. DownsDebasis BagchiLuis Llanos-GomezMark S. GoldMDPI AGarticledopamine homeostasisprecision addiction managementGARSKB220reward deficiency syndrome (RDS)neuroimagingMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11529, p 11529 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dopamine homeostasis precision addiction management GARS KB220 reward deficiency syndrome (RDS) neuroimaging Medicine R
spellingShingle	dopamine homeostasis precision addiction management GARS KB220 reward deficiency syndrome (RDS) neuroimaging Medicine R Kenneth Blum Abdalla Bowirrat Eric R. Braverman David Baron Jean Lud Cadet Shan Kazmi Igor Elman Panyotis K. Thanos Rajendra D. Badgaiyan William B. Downs Debasis Bagchi Luis Llanos-Gomez Mark S. Gold Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions
description	Alcohol and other substance use disorders share comorbidity with other RDS disorders, i.e., a reduction in dopamine signaling within the reward pathway. RDS is a term that connects addictive, obsessive, compulsive, and impulsive behavioral disorders. An estimated 2 million individuals in the United States have opioid use disorder related to prescription opioids. It is estimated that the overall cost of the illegal and legally prescribed opioid crisis exceeds one trillion dollars. Opioid Replacement Therapy is the most common treatment for addictions and other RDS disorders. Even after repeated relapses, patients are repeatedly prescribed the same opioid replacement treatments. A recent JAMA report indicates that non-opioid treatments fare better than chronic opioid treatments. Research demonstrates that over 50 percent of all suicides are related to alcohol or other drug use. In addition to effective fellowship programs and spirituality acceptance, nutrigenomic therapies (e.g., KB220Z) optimize gene expression, rebalance neurotransmitters, and restore neurotransmitter functional connectivity. KB220Z was shown to increase functional connectivity across specific brain regions involved in dopaminergic function. KB220/Z significantly reduces RDS behavioral disorders and relapse in human DUI offenders. Taking a Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) test combined with a the KB220Z semi-customized nutrigenomic supplement effectively restores dopamine homeostasis (WC 199).
format	article
author	Kenneth Blum Abdalla Bowirrat Eric R. Braverman David Baron Jean Lud Cadet Shan Kazmi Igor Elman Panyotis K. Thanos Rajendra D. Badgaiyan William B. Downs Debasis Bagchi Luis Llanos-Gomez Mark S. Gold
author_facet	Kenneth Blum Abdalla Bowirrat Eric R. Braverman David Baron Jean Lud Cadet Shan Kazmi Igor Elman Panyotis K. Thanos Rajendra D. Badgaiyan William B. Downs Debasis Bagchi Luis Llanos-Gomez Mark S. Gold
author_sort	Kenneth Blum
title	Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions
title_short	Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions
title_full	Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions
title_fullStr	Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions
title_full_unstemmed	Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions
title_sort	reward deficiency syndrome (rds): a cytoarchitectural common neurobiological trait of all addictions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/49724ca06beb445fb842ba82741f2ac4
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Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions

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