Predictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study

Background Cardiovascular disease depends on the duration and time course of risk factor exposure. Previous reports on risk factors of progression of carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) in the young were mostly restricted to high‐risk populations or susceptible to certain types of bias. We aimed t...

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Autores principales:	Sophia J. Kiechl, Anna Staudt, Katharina Stock, Nina Gande, Benoît Bernar, Christoph Hochmayr, Bernhard Winder, Ralf Geiger, Andrea Griesmacher, Markus Anliker, Stefan Kiechl, Ursula Kiechl‐Kohlendorfer, Michael Knoflach, Raimund Pechlaner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease intima‐media thickness risk factors Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4978b85863a447ca914b6536ecb00e1e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4978b85863a447ca914b6536ecb00e1e2021-11-23T11:36:35ZPredictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study10.1161/JAHA.120.0202332047-9980https://doaj.org/article/4978b85863a447ca914b6536ecb00e1e2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.020233https://doaj.org/toc/2047-9980Background Cardiovascular disease depends on the duration and time course of risk factor exposure. Previous reports on risk factors of progression of carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) in the young were mostly restricted to high‐risk populations or susceptible to certain types of bias. We aimed to unravel a risk factor signature for early vessel pathology based on repeated ultrasound assessments of the carotid arteries in the general population. Methods and Results Risk factors were assessed in 956 adolescents sampled from the general population with a mean age of 15.8±0.9 years, 56.2% of whom were female. cIMT was measured at baseline and on average 22.5±3.4 months later by high‐resolution ultrasound. Effects of baseline risk factors on cIMT progression were investigated using linear mixed models with multivariable adjustment for potential confounders, which yielded significant associations (given as increase in cIMT for a 1‐SD higher baseline level) for alanine transaminase (5.5 μm; 95% CI: 1.5–9.5), systolic blood pressure (4.7 μm; 0.3–9.2), arterial hypertension (9.5 μm, 0.2–18.7), and non‐high‐density (4.5 μm; 0.7–8.4) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (4.3 μm; 0.5–8.1). Conclusions Systolic blood pressure, arterial hypertension, low‐density and non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and alanine transaminase predicted cIMT progression in adolescents, even though risk factor levels were predominantly within established reference ranges. These findings reemphasize the necessity to initiate prevention early in life and challenge the current focus of guideline recommendations on high‐risk youngsters. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03929692.Sophia J. KiechlAnna StaudtKatharina StockNina GandeBenoît BernarChristoph HochmayrBernhard WinderRalf GeigerAndrea GriesmacherMarkus AnlikerStefan KiechlUrsula Kiechl‐KohlendorferMichael KnoflachRaimund PechlanerWileyarticleatherosclerosiscardiovascular diseaseintima‐media thicknessrisk factorsDiseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemRC666-701ENJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, Vol 10, Iss 18 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease intima‐media thickness risk factors Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701
spellingShingle	atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease intima‐media thickness risk factors Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701 Sophia J. Kiechl Anna Staudt Katharina Stock Nina Gande Benoît Bernar Christoph Hochmayr Bernhard Winder Ralf Geiger Andrea Griesmacher Markus Anliker Stefan Kiechl Ursula Kiechl‐Kohlendorfer Michael Knoflach Raimund Pechlaner Predictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study
description	Background Cardiovascular disease depends on the duration and time course of risk factor exposure. Previous reports on risk factors of progression of carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) in the young were mostly restricted to high‐risk populations or susceptible to certain types of bias. We aimed to unravel a risk factor signature for early vessel pathology based on repeated ultrasound assessments of the carotid arteries in the general population. Methods and Results Risk factors were assessed in 956 adolescents sampled from the general population with a mean age of 15.8±0.9 years, 56.2% of whom were female. cIMT was measured at baseline and on average 22.5±3.4 months later by high‐resolution ultrasound. Effects of baseline risk factors on cIMT progression were investigated using linear mixed models with multivariable adjustment for potential confounders, which yielded significant associations (given as increase in cIMT for a 1‐SD higher baseline level) for alanine transaminase (5.5 μm; 95% CI: 1.5–9.5), systolic blood pressure (4.7 μm; 0.3–9.2), arterial hypertension (9.5 μm, 0.2–18.7), and non‐high‐density (4.5 μm; 0.7–8.4) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (4.3 μm; 0.5–8.1). Conclusions Systolic blood pressure, arterial hypertension, low‐density and non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and alanine transaminase predicted cIMT progression in adolescents, even though risk factor levels were predominantly within established reference ranges. These findings reemphasize the necessity to initiate prevention early in life and challenge the current focus of guideline recommendations on high‐risk youngsters. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03929692.
format	article
author	Sophia J. Kiechl Anna Staudt Katharina Stock Nina Gande Benoît Bernar Christoph Hochmayr Bernhard Winder Ralf Geiger Andrea Griesmacher Markus Anliker Stefan Kiechl Ursula Kiechl‐Kohlendorfer Michael Knoflach Raimund Pechlaner
author_facet	Sophia J. Kiechl Anna Staudt Katharina Stock Nina Gande Benoît Bernar Christoph Hochmayr Bernhard Winder Ralf Geiger Andrea Griesmacher Markus Anliker Stefan Kiechl Ursula Kiechl‐Kohlendorfer Michael Knoflach Raimund Pechlaner
author_sort	Sophia J. Kiechl
title	Predictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study
title_short	Predictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study
title_full	Predictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study
title_fullStr	Predictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study
title_full_unstemmed	Predictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study
title_sort	predictors of carotid intima‐media thickness progression in adolescents—the eva‐tyrol study
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4978b85863a447ca914b6536ecb00e1e
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Predictors of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents—The EVA‐Tyrol Study

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