Strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events

Abstract East Asia experienced a record-breaking cold event during the 2015/16 boreal winter, with pronounced impacts on livelihood in the region. We find that this large-scale cold spell can be attributed to the concurrent super El Niño event in the tropical Pacific. Our analysis reveals that all s...

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Autores principales:	Xin Geng, Wenjun Zhang, Malte F. Stuecker, Fei-Fei Jin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/49802b74cc344841a2140530762dcaf1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:49802b74cc344841a2140530762dcaf12021-12-02T12:32:40ZStrong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events10.1038/s41598-017-03977-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/49802b74cc344841a2140530762dcaf12017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03977-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract East Asia experienced a record-breaking cold event during the 2015/16 boreal winter, with pronounced impacts on livelihood in the region. We find that this large-scale cold spell can be attributed to the concurrent super El Niño event in the tropical Pacific. Our analysis reveals that all super El Niño winters (1982/83, 1997/98, and 2015/16) were accompanied by a rapid sub-seasonal North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)/Arctic Oscillation (AO) phase reversal from a positive to a negative state during early January, which was largely caused by the interaction of these super El Niño events with the subtropical jet annual cycle. The NAO/AO phase transition leads to a rapidly strengthened Siberian High, which favors southward intrusions of cold air to East Asia and thus causes severe local cooling. Similar cold spells can also be detected over Northern Europe associated with the fast sub-seasonal NAO/AO phase reversal. Due to the weaker amplitude of the ENSO forcing, these sub-seasonal atmospheric responses cannot be detected for moderate El Niño events. The super El Niño associated sub-seasonal signal of the East Asian and Northern Europe wintertime temperature responses carries important implications for future predictability of regional extreme events.Xin GengWenjun ZhangMalte F. StueckerFei-Fei JinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Xin Geng Wenjun Zhang Malte F. Stuecker Fei-Fei Jin Strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events
description	Abstract East Asia experienced a record-breaking cold event during the 2015/16 boreal winter, with pronounced impacts on livelihood in the region. We find that this large-scale cold spell can be attributed to the concurrent super El Niño event in the tropical Pacific. Our analysis reveals that all super El Niño winters (1982/83, 1997/98, and 2015/16) were accompanied by a rapid sub-seasonal North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)/Arctic Oscillation (AO) phase reversal from a positive to a negative state during early January, which was largely caused by the interaction of these super El Niño events with the subtropical jet annual cycle. The NAO/AO phase transition leads to a rapidly strengthened Siberian High, which favors southward intrusions of cold air to East Asia and thus causes severe local cooling. Similar cold spells can also be detected over Northern Europe associated with the fast sub-seasonal NAO/AO phase reversal. Due to the weaker amplitude of the ENSO forcing, these sub-seasonal atmospheric responses cannot be detected for moderate El Niño events. The super El Niño associated sub-seasonal signal of the East Asian and Northern Europe wintertime temperature responses carries important implications for future predictability of regional extreme events.
format	article
author	Xin Geng Wenjun Zhang Malte F. Stuecker Fei-Fei Jin
author_facet	Xin Geng Wenjun Zhang Malte F. Stuecker Fei-Fei Jin
author_sort	Xin Geng
title	Strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events
title_short	Strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events
title_full	Strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events
title_fullStr	Strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events
title_full_unstemmed	Strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events
title_sort	strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over east asia and northern europe associated with super el niño events
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/49802b74cc344841a2140530762dcaf1
work_keys_str_mv	AT xingeng strongsubseasonalwintertimecoolingovereastasiaandnortherneuropeassociatedwithsuperelninoevents AT wenjunzhang strongsubseasonalwintertimecoolingovereastasiaandnortherneuropeassociatedwithsuperelninoevents AT maltefstuecker strongsubseasonalwintertimecoolingovereastasiaandnortherneuropeassociatedwithsuperelninoevents AT feifeijin strongsubseasonalwintertimecoolingovereastasiaandnortherneuropeassociatedwithsuperelninoevents
_version_	1718393975180623872

Strong sub-seasonal wintertime cooling over East Asia and Northern Europe associated with super El Niño events

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