Fabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration

Our research was designed to evaluate the effect on bone regeneration with 3-dimensional (3D) printed polylactic acid (PLA) and 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds, determine the more effective option for enhancing bone regeneration, and offer tentative evidence for further research and clin...

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Autores principales:	Cheng-Hsin Cheng, Ming-You Shie, Yi-Hui Lai, Ning-Ping Foo, Mon-Juan Lee, Chun-Hsu Yao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	bone regeneration polycaprolactone poly-lactic acid three-dimensional printing transforming growth factor-β Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/49f67b679c114408a3849bc60f7aea57
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:49f67b679c114408a3849bc60f7aea572021-11-11T18:45:27ZFabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration10.3390/polym132137312073-4360https://doaj.org/article/49f67b679c114408a3849bc60f7aea572021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3731https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Our research was designed to evaluate the effect on bone regeneration with 3-dimensional (3D) printed polylactic acid (PLA) and 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds, determine the more effective option for enhancing bone regeneration, and offer tentative evidence for further research and clinical application. Employing the 3D printing technique, the PLA and PCL scaffolds showed similar morphologies, as confirmed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mechanical strength was significantly higher in the PLA group (63.4 MPa) than in the PCL group (29.1 MPa) (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Average porosity, swelling ratio, and degeneration rate in the PCL scaffold were higher than those in the PLA scaffold. SEM observation after cell coculture showed improved cell attachment and activity in the PCL scaffolds. A functional study revealed the best outcome in the 3D printed PCL-TGF-β<sub>1</sub> scaffold compared with the 3D printed PCL and the 3D printed PCL-Polydopamine (PDA) scaffold (<i>p</i> < 0.001). As confirmed via SEM, the 3D printed PCL- transforming growth factor beta <i>1</i> (TGF-β<sub>1</sub>) scaffold also exhibited improved cell adhesion after 6 h of cell coculture. The 3D printed PCL scaffold showed better physical properties and biocompatibility than the 3D printed PLA scaffold. Based on the data of TGF-β<sub>1</sub>, this study confirms that the 3D printed PCL scaffold may offer stronger osteogenesis.Cheng-Hsin ChengMing-You ShieYi-Hui LaiNing-Ping FooMon-Juan LeeChun-Hsu YaoMDPI AGarticlebone regenerationpolycaprolactonepoly-lactic acidthree-dimensional printingtransforming growth factor-βOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3731, p 3731 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bone regeneration polycaprolactone poly-lactic acid three-dimensional printing transforming growth factor-β Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	bone regeneration polycaprolactone poly-lactic acid three-dimensional printing transforming growth factor-β Organic chemistry QD241-441 Cheng-Hsin Cheng Ming-You Shie Yi-Hui Lai Ning-Ping Foo Mon-Juan Lee Chun-Hsu Yao Fabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration
description	Our research was designed to evaluate the effect on bone regeneration with 3-dimensional (3D) printed polylactic acid (PLA) and 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds, determine the more effective option for enhancing bone regeneration, and offer tentative evidence for further research and clinical application. Employing the 3D printing technique, the PLA and PCL scaffolds showed similar morphologies, as confirmed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mechanical strength was significantly higher in the PLA group (63.4 MPa) than in the PCL group (29.1 MPa) (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Average porosity, swelling ratio, and degeneration rate in the PCL scaffold were higher than those in the PLA scaffold. SEM observation after cell coculture showed improved cell attachment and activity in the PCL scaffolds. A functional study revealed the best outcome in the 3D printed PCL-TGF-β<sub>1</sub> scaffold compared with the 3D printed PCL and the 3D printed PCL-Polydopamine (PDA) scaffold (<i>p</i> < 0.001). As confirmed via SEM, the 3D printed PCL- transforming growth factor beta <i>1</i> (TGF-β<sub>1</sub>) scaffold also exhibited improved cell adhesion after 6 h of cell coculture. The 3D printed PCL scaffold showed better physical properties and biocompatibility than the 3D printed PLA scaffold. Based on the data of TGF-β<sub>1</sub>, this study confirms that the 3D printed PCL scaffold may offer stronger osteogenesis.
format	article
author	Cheng-Hsin Cheng Ming-You Shie Yi-Hui Lai Ning-Ping Foo Mon-Juan Lee Chun-Hsu Yao
author_facet	Cheng-Hsin Cheng Ming-You Shie Yi-Hui Lai Ning-Ping Foo Mon-Juan Lee Chun-Hsu Yao
author_sort	Cheng-Hsin Cheng
title	Fabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration
title_short	Fabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration
title_full	Fabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration
title_fullStr	Fabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration
title_full_unstemmed	Fabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration
title_sort	fabrication of 3d printed poly(lactic acid)/polycaprolactone scaffolds using tgf-β1 for promoting bone regeneration
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/49f67b679c114408a3849bc60f7aea57
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Fabrication of 3D Printed Poly(lactic acid)/Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Using TGF-β1 for Promoting Bone Regeneration

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