Factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

<h4>Background</h4>Iodine status, including Iodine Deficiency (ID) of the children aged 12-59 months of Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, have never been studied. This study thus aimed to assess ID among children aged 12-59 months by monitoring the Urinary Iodine Concentrations (UIC), the prev...

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Autores principales:	Kandeepan Karthigesu, Balakumar Sandrasegarampillai, Vasanthy Arasaratnam
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a0a815f7a154748a507cc4e34d99019
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a0a815f7a154748a507cc4e34d990192021-12-02T20:07:07ZFactors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252548https://doaj.org/article/4a0a815f7a154748a507cc4e34d990192021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252548https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Iodine status, including Iodine Deficiency (ID) of the children aged 12-59 months of Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, have never been studied. This study thus aimed to assess ID among children aged 12-59 months by monitoring the Urinary Iodine Concentrations (UIC), the prevalence of goitre, and the factors causing ID.<h4>Method</h4>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 846 children aged 12-59 months in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka. Sociodemographic characteristics and other factors were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Dietary pattern of children was obtained using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We performed urinary iodine estimation and physical examinations to detect the goitre, according to the World Health Organization criteria. A multivariate logistic linear regression model was used to identify the factors that causing ID.<h4>Result</h4>The median UIC was 146.4 μg/L (interquartile range = 112.6-185.3 μg/L). Based on the UIC (<100 μg/L), 17.8% had ID, of which 15.7% and 2.1% had mild and moderate ID. The mean consumption of iodine from food was 128.7 (±20.2) μg/day. Gender variation had no influence on ID (p>0.05). Median UIC was significantly associated with living area, wealth status, type of drinking water, and method of iodized salt usage. A higher percentage of ID was significantly associated with younger age [AOR 2.32 (95% CI: 1.31-4.10)], urban area [AOR 1.94 (95% CI 1.27-2.96)], inland regions [AOR 3.20 (95% CI 1.85-5.55)], improper method of iodized salt usage [AOR 3.63 (95% CI: 1.38-9.56)], and low consumption of iodine-containing foods. The neck palpation revealed that only three children had goitre (0.4%).<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study revealed that high ID among the children in Jaffna children was due to improper usage of iodized salt, even though the iodized salt is freely available in the region, living area, and age, while the prevalence of goitre was not significantly identified as a public health problem.Kandeepan KarthigesuBalakumar SandrasegarampillaiVasanthy ArasaratnamPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0252548 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kandeepan Karthigesu Balakumar Sandrasegarampillai Vasanthy Arasaratnam Factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Iodine status, including Iodine Deficiency (ID) of the children aged 12-59 months of Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, have never been studied. This study thus aimed to assess ID among children aged 12-59 months by monitoring the Urinary Iodine Concentrations (UIC), the prevalence of goitre, and the factors causing ID.<h4>Method</h4>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 846 children aged 12-59 months in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka. Sociodemographic characteristics and other factors were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Dietary pattern of children was obtained using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We performed urinary iodine estimation and physical examinations to detect the goitre, according to the World Health Organization criteria. A multivariate logistic linear regression model was used to identify the factors that causing ID.<h4>Result</h4>The median UIC was 146.4 μg/L (interquartile range = 112.6-185.3 μg/L). Based on the UIC (<100 μg/L), 17.8% had ID, of which 15.7% and 2.1% had mild and moderate ID. The mean consumption of iodine from food was 128.7 (±20.2) μg/day. Gender variation had no influence on ID (p>0.05). Median UIC was significantly associated with living area, wealth status, type of drinking water, and method of iodized salt usage. A higher percentage of ID was significantly associated with younger age [AOR 2.32 (95% CI: 1.31-4.10)], urban area [AOR 1.94 (95% CI 1.27-2.96)], inland regions [AOR 3.20 (95% CI 1.85-5.55)], improper method of iodized salt usage [AOR 3.63 (95% CI: 1.38-9.56)], and low consumption of iodine-containing foods. The neck palpation revealed that only three children had goitre (0.4%).<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study revealed that high ID among the children in Jaffna children was due to improper usage of iodized salt, even though the iodized salt is freely available in the region, living area, and age, while the prevalence of goitre was not significantly identified as a public health problem.
format	article
author	Kandeepan Karthigesu Balakumar Sandrasegarampillai Vasanthy Arasaratnam
author_facet	Kandeepan Karthigesu Balakumar Sandrasegarampillai Vasanthy Arasaratnam
author_sort	Kandeepan Karthigesu
title	Factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
title_short	Factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
title_full	Factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
title_fullStr	Factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
title_full_unstemmed	Factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
title_sort	factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from jaffna district, sri lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a0a815f7a154748a507cc4e34d99019
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Factors influencing the iodine status of children aged 12 to 59 months from Jaffna District, Sri Lanka in the post-iodization era; a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

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