The integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.

Integrated taxonomy uses evidence from a number of different character types to delimit species and other natural groupings. While this approach has been advocated recently, and should be of particular utility in the case of diminutive insect parasitoids, there are relatively few examples of its app...

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Autores principales:	Douglas Chesters, Ying Wang, Fang Yu, Ming Bai, Tong-Xin Zhang, Hao-Yuan Hu, Chao-Dong Zhu, Cheng-De Li, Yan-Zhou Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a26907df5a34e319dc2ecab66c9dc6c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a26907df5a34e319dc2ecab66c9dc6c2021-11-18T07:16:58ZThe integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0037655https://doaj.org/article/4a26907df5a34e319dc2ecab66c9dc6c2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22666375/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Integrated taxonomy uses evidence from a number of different character types to delimit species and other natural groupings. While this approach has been advocated recently, and should be of particular utility in the case of diminutive insect parasitoids, there are relatively few examples of its application in these taxa. Here, we use an integrated framework to delimit independent lineages in Encyrtus sasakii (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid morphospecies previously considered a host generalist. Sequence variation at the DNA barcode (cytochrome c oxidase I, COI) and nuclear 28S rDNA loci were compared to morphometric recordings and mating compatibility tests, among samples of this species complex collected from its four scale insect hosts, covering a broad geographic range of northern and central China. Our results reveal that Encyrtus sasakii comprises three lineages that, while sharing a similar morphology, are highly divergent at the molecular level. At the barcode locus, the median K2P molecular distance between individuals from three primary populations was found to be 11.3%, well outside the divergence usually observed between Chalcidoidea conspecifics (0.5%). Corroborative evidence that the genetic lineages represent independent species was found from mating tests, where compatibility was observed only within populations, and morphometric analysis, which found that despite apparent morphological homogeneity, populations clustered according to forewing shape. The independent lineages defined by the integrated analysis correspond to the three scale insect hosts, suggesting the presence of host specific cryptic species. The finding of hidden host specificity in this species complex demonstrates the critical role that DNA barcoding will increasingly play in revealing hidden biodiversity in taxa that present difficulties for traditional taxonomic approaches.Douglas ChestersYing WangFang YuMing BaiTong-Xin ZhangHao-Yuan HuChao-Dong ZhuCheng-De LiYan-Zhou ZhangPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 5, p e37655 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Douglas Chesters Ying Wang Fang Yu Ming Bai Tong-Xin Zhang Hao-Yuan Hu Chao-Dong Zhu Cheng-De Li Yan-Zhou Zhang The integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.
description	Integrated taxonomy uses evidence from a number of different character types to delimit species and other natural groupings. While this approach has been advocated recently, and should be of particular utility in the case of diminutive insect parasitoids, there are relatively few examples of its application in these taxa. Here, we use an integrated framework to delimit independent lineages in Encyrtus sasakii (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid morphospecies previously considered a host generalist. Sequence variation at the DNA barcode (cytochrome c oxidase I, COI) and nuclear 28S rDNA loci were compared to morphometric recordings and mating compatibility tests, among samples of this species complex collected from its four scale insect hosts, covering a broad geographic range of northern and central China. Our results reveal that Encyrtus sasakii comprises three lineages that, while sharing a similar morphology, are highly divergent at the molecular level. At the barcode locus, the median K2P molecular distance between individuals from three primary populations was found to be 11.3%, well outside the divergence usually observed between Chalcidoidea conspecifics (0.5%). Corroborative evidence that the genetic lineages represent independent species was found from mating tests, where compatibility was observed only within populations, and morphometric analysis, which found that despite apparent morphological homogeneity, populations clustered according to forewing shape. The independent lineages defined by the integrated analysis correspond to the three scale insect hosts, suggesting the presence of host specific cryptic species. The finding of hidden host specificity in this species complex demonstrates the critical role that DNA barcoding will increasingly play in revealing hidden biodiversity in taxa that present difficulties for traditional taxonomic approaches.
format	article
author	Douglas Chesters Ying Wang Fang Yu Ming Bai Tong-Xin Zhang Hao-Yuan Hu Chao-Dong Zhu Cheng-De Li Yan-Zhou Zhang
author_facet	Douglas Chesters Ying Wang Fang Yu Ming Bai Tong-Xin Zhang Hao-Yuan Hu Chao-Dong Zhu Cheng-De Li Yan-Zhou Zhang
author_sort	Douglas Chesters
title	The integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.
title_short	The integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.
title_full	The integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.
title_fullStr	The integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.
title_full_unstemmed	The integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.
title_sort	integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a26907df5a34e319dc2ecab66c9dc6c
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The integrative taxonomic approach reveals host specific species in an encyrtid parasitoid species complex.

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