How does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?

Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) causes gastroenteritis following the consumption of contaminated poultry meat, resulting in a large health and economic burden worldwide. Phage therapy is a promising technique for eradicating C. jejuni from poultry flocks and chicken carcasses. However, C. jejuni ca...

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Autores principales:	Simran K Sandhu, Christopher D Bayliss, Andrew Yu Morozov
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a307988a46b436e87e54b024e36a2aa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a307988a46b436e87e54b024e36a2aa2021-11-25T05:40:37ZHow does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1009067https://doaj.org/article/4a307988a46b436e87e54b024e36a2aa2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009067https://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) causes gastroenteritis following the consumption of contaminated poultry meat, resulting in a large health and economic burden worldwide. Phage therapy is a promising technique for eradicating C. jejuni from poultry flocks and chicken carcasses. However, C. jejuni can resist infections by some phages through stochastic, phase-variable ON/OFF switching of the phage receptors mediated by simple sequence repeats (SSR). While selection strength and exposure time influence the evolution of SSR-mediated phase variation (PV), phages offer a more complex evolutionary environment as phage replication depends on having a permissive host organism. Here, we build and explore several continuous culture bacteria-phage computational models, each analysing different phase-variable scenarios calibrated to the experimental SSR rates of C. jejuni loci and replication parameters for the F336 phage. We simulate the evolution of PV rates via the adaptive dynamics framework for varying levels of selective pressures that act on the phage-resistant state. Our results indicate that growth reducing counter-selection on a single PV locus results in the stable maintenance of the phage, while compensatory selection between bacterial states affects the evolutionary stable mutation rates (i.e. very high and very low mutation rates are evolutionarily disadvantageous), whereas, in the absence of either selective pressure the evolution of PV rates results in mutation rates below the basal values. Contrastingly, a biologically-relevant model with two phase-variable loci resulted in phage extinction and locking of the bacteria into a phage-resistant state suggesting that another counter-selective pressure is required, instance, the use of a distinct phage whose receptor is an F336-phage-resistant state. We conclude that a delicate balance between counter-selection and phage-attack can result in both the evolution of phase-variable phage receptors and persistence of PV-receptor-specific phage.Simran K SandhuChristopher D BaylissAndrew Yu MorozovPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 17, Iss 6, p e1009067 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Simran K Sandhu Christopher D Bayliss Andrew Yu Morozov How does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?
description	Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) causes gastroenteritis following the consumption of contaminated poultry meat, resulting in a large health and economic burden worldwide. Phage therapy is a promising technique for eradicating C. jejuni from poultry flocks and chicken carcasses. However, C. jejuni can resist infections by some phages through stochastic, phase-variable ON/OFF switching of the phage receptors mediated by simple sequence repeats (SSR). While selection strength and exposure time influence the evolution of SSR-mediated phase variation (PV), phages offer a more complex evolutionary environment as phage replication depends on having a permissive host organism. Here, we build and explore several continuous culture bacteria-phage computational models, each analysing different phase-variable scenarios calibrated to the experimental SSR rates of C. jejuni loci and replication parameters for the F336 phage. We simulate the evolution of PV rates via the adaptive dynamics framework for varying levels of selective pressures that act on the phage-resistant state. Our results indicate that growth reducing counter-selection on a single PV locus results in the stable maintenance of the phage, while compensatory selection between bacterial states affects the evolutionary stable mutation rates (i.e. very high and very low mutation rates are evolutionarily disadvantageous), whereas, in the absence of either selective pressure the evolution of PV rates results in mutation rates below the basal values. Contrastingly, a biologically-relevant model with two phase-variable loci resulted in phage extinction and locking of the bacteria into a phage-resistant state suggesting that another counter-selective pressure is required, instance, the use of a distinct phage whose receptor is an F336-phage-resistant state. We conclude that a delicate balance between counter-selection and phage-attack can result in both the evolution of phase-variable phage receptors and persistence of PV-receptor-specific phage.
format	article
author	Simran K Sandhu Christopher D Bayliss Andrew Yu Morozov
author_facet	Simran K Sandhu Christopher D Bayliss Andrew Yu Morozov
author_sort	Simran K Sandhu
title	How does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?
title_short	How does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?
title_full	How does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?
title_fullStr	How does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?
title_full_unstemmed	How does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?
title_sort	how does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in campylobacter?
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a307988a46b436e87e54b024e36a2aa
work_keys_str_mv	AT simranksandhu howdoesfeedbackfromphageinfectionsinfluencetheevolutionofphasevariationincampylobacter AT christopherdbayliss howdoesfeedbackfromphageinfectionsinfluencetheevolutionofphasevariationincampylobacter AT andrewyumorozov howdoesfeedbackfromphageinfectionsinfluencetheevolutionofphasevariationincampylobacter
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How does feedback from phage infections influence the evolution of phase variation in Campylobacter?

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