Isolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23

Abstract Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23, isolated from the mangrove-sediment, collected from Jubail,Saudi Arabia, exhibited substantial antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including non-MRSA Gram-positive test bacteria. The novel isolate, under laborato...

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Autores principales:	Kamal A. Qureshi, Avinash D. Bholay, Pankaj K. Rai, Hamdoon A. Mohammed, Riaz A. Khan, Faizul Azam, Mariusz Jaremko, Abdul-Hamid Emwas, Piotr Stefanowicz, Mateusz Waliczek, Monika Kijewska, Ehab A. Ragab, Medhat Rehan, Gamal O. Elhassan, Md Jamir Anwar, Dinesh K. Prajapati
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a3f4da7060d4740bc6638f8903c4246
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a3f4da7060d4740bc6638f8903c42462021-12-02T16:14:03ZIsolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_2310.1038/s41598-021-93285-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4a3f4da7060d4740bc6638f8903c42462021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93285-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23, isolated from the mangrove-sediment, collected from Jubail,Saudi Arabia, exhibited substantial antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including non-MRSA Gram-positive test bacteria. The novel isolate, under laboratory-scale conditions, produced the highest yield (561.3 ± 0.3 mg/kg fermented agar) of antimicrobial compounds in modified ISP-4 agar at pH 6.5, temperature 35 °C, inoculum 5% v/w, agar 1.5% w/v, and an incubation period of 7 days. The two major compounds, K1 and K2, were isolated from fermented medium and identified as Actinomycin X2 and Actinomycin D, respectively, based on their structural analysis. The antimicrobial screening showed that Actinomycin X2 had the highest antimicrobial activity compared to Actinomycin D, and the actinomycins-mixture (X2:D, 1:1, w/w) against MRSA and non-MRSA Gram-positive test bacteria, at 5 µg/disc concentrations. The MIC of Actinomycin X2 ranged from 1.56–12.5 µg/ml for non-MRSA and 3.125–12.5 µg/ml for MRSA test bacteria. An in-silico molecular docking demonstrated isoleucyl tRNA synthetase as the most-favored antimicrobial protein target for both actinomycins, X2 and D, while the penicillin-binding protein-1a, was the least-favorable target-protein. In conclusion, Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23 emerged as a promising source of Actinomycin X2 with the potential to be scaled up for industrial production, which could benefit the pharmaceutical industry.Kamal A. QureshiAvinash D. BholayPankaj K. RaiHamdoon A. MohammedRiaz A. KhanFaizul AzamMariusz JaremkoAbdul-Hamid EmwasPiotr StefanowiczMateusz WaliczekMonika KijewskaEhab A. RagabMedhat RehanGamal O. ElhassanMd Jamir AnwarDinesh K. PrajapatiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-21 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kamal A. Qureshi Avinash D. Bholay Pankaj K. Rai Hamdoon A. Mohammed Riaz A. Khan Faizul Azam Mariusz Jaremko Abdul-Hamid Emwas Piotr Stefanowicz Mateusz Waliczek Monika Kijewska Ehab A. Ragab Medhat Rehan Gamal O. Elhassan Md Jamir Anwar Dinesh K. Prajapati Isolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23
description	Abstract Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23, isolated from the mangrove-sediment, collected from Jubail,Saudi Arabia, exhibited substantial antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including non-MRSA Gram-positive test bacteria. The novel isolate, under laboratory-scale conditions, produced the highest yield (561.3 ± 0.3 mg/kg fermented agar) of antimicrobial compounds in modified ISP-4 agar at pH 6.5, temperature 35 °C, inoculum 5% v/w, agar 1.5% w/v, and an incubation period of 7 days. The two major compounds, K1 and K2, were isolated from fermented medium and identified as Actinomycin X2 and Actinomycin D, respectively, based on their structural analysis. The antimicrobial screening showed that Actinomycin X2 had the highest antimicrobial activity compared to Actinomycin D, and the actinomycins-mixture (X2:D, 1:1, w/w) against MRSA and non-MRSA Gram-positive test bacteria, at 5 µg/disc concentrations. The MIC of Actinomycin X2 ranged from 1.56–12.5 µg/ml for non-MRSA and 3.125–12.5 µg/ml for MRSA test bacteria. An in-silico molecular docking demonstrated isoleucyl tRNA synthetase as the most-favored antimicrobial protein target for both actinomycins, X2 and D, while the penicillin-binding protein-1a, was the least-favorable target-protein. In conclusion, Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23 emerged as a promising source of Actinomycin X2 with the potential to be scaled up for industrial production, which could benefit the pharmaceutical industry.
format	article
author	Kamal A. Qureshi Avinash D. Bholay Pankaj K. Rai Hamdoon A. Mohammed Riaz A. Khan Faizul Azam Mariusz Jaremko Abdul-Hamid Emwas Piotr Stefanowicz Mateusz Waliczek Monika Kijewska Ehab A. Ragab Medhat Rehan Gamal O. Elhassan Md Jamir Anwar Dinesh K. Prajapati
author_facet	Kamal A. Qureshi Avinash D. Bholay Pankaj K. Rai Hamdoon A. Mohammed Riaz A. Khan Faizul Azam Mariusz Jaremko Abdul-Hamid Emwas Piotr Stefanowicz Mateusz Waliczek Monika Kijewska Ehab A. Ragab Medhat Rehan Gamal O. Elhassan Md Jamir Anwar Dinesh K. Prajapati
author_sort	Kamal A. Qureshi
title	Isolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23
title_short	Isolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23
title_full	Isolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23
title_fullStr	Isolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23
title_full_unstemmed	Isolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23
title_sort	isolation, characterization, anti-mrsa evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin x2 and actinomycin d produced by novel streptomyces smyrnaeus ukaq_23
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a3f4da7060d4740bc6638f8903c4246
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Isolation, characterization, anti-MRSA evaluation, and in-silico multi-target anti-microbial validations of actinomycin X2 and actinomycin D produced by novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus UKAQ_23

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