Ferroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a distinct subpopulation of tumor cells with stem cell-like features. Able to initiate and sustain tumor growth and mostly resistant to anti-cancer therapies, they are thought responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis. Recent accumulated evidence supports that iron...

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Autores principales:	Emma Cosialls, Rima El Hage, Leïla Dos Santos, Chang Gong, Maryam Mehrpour, Ahmed Hamaï
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	iron metabolism ferroptosis autophagy cancer stem cells Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a553e184e75440a9d11b2a53d851e8b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a553e184e75440a9d11b2a53d851e8b2021-11-25T17:10:03ZFerroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It10.3390/cells101129812073-4409https://doaj.org/article/4a553e184e75440a9d11b2a53d851e8b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2981https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a distinct subpopulation of tumor cells with stem cell-like features. Able to initiate and sustain tumor growth and mostly resistant to anti-cancer therapies, they are thought responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis. Recent accumulated evidence supports that iron metabolism with the recent discovery of ferroptosis constitutes a promising new lead in the field of anti-CSC therapeutic strategies. Indeed, iron uptake, efflux, storage and regulation pathways are all over-engaged in the tumor microenvironment suggesting that the reprogramming of iron metabolism is a crucial occurrence in tumor cell survival. In particular, recent studies have highlighted the importance of iron metabolism in the maintenance of CSCs. Furthermore, the high concentration of iron found in CSCs, as compared to non-CSCs, underlines their iron addiction. In line with this, if iron is an essential macronutrient that is nevertheless highly reactive, it represents their Achilles’ heel by inducing ferroptosis cell death and therefore providing opportunities to target CSCs. In this review, we first summarize our current understanding of iron metabolism and its regulation in CSCs. Then, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of ferroptosis and discuss the role of autophagy in the (regulation of) ferroptotic pathways. Finally, we discuss the potential therapeutic strategies that could be used for inducing ferroptosis in CSCs to treat cancer.Emma CosiallsRima El HageLeïla Dos SantosChang GongMaryam MehrpourAhmed HamaïMDPI AGarticleiron metabolismferroptosisautophagycancer stem cellsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENCells, Vol 10, Iss 2981, p 2981 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	iron metabolism ferroptosis autophagy cancer stem cells Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	iron metabolism ferroptosis autophagy cancer stem cells Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Emma Cosialls Rima El Hage Leïla Dos Santos Chang Gong Maryam Mehrpour Ahmed Hamaï Ferroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It
description	Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a distinct subpopulation of tumor cells with stem cell-like features. Able to initiate and sustain tumor growth and mostly resistant to anti-cancer therapies, they are thought responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis. Recent accumulated evidence supports that iron metabolism with the recent discovery of ferroptosis constitutes a promising new lead in the field of anti-CSC therapeutic strategies. Indeed, iron uptake, efflux, storage and regulation pathways are all over-engaged in the tumor microenvironment suggesting that the reprogramming of iron metabolism is a crucial occurrence in tumor cell survival. In particular, recent studies have highlighted the importance of iron metabolism in the maintenance of CSCs. Furthermore, the high concentration of iron found in CSCs, as compared to non-CSCs, underlines their iron addiction. In line with this, if iron is an essential macronutrient that is nevertheless highly reactive, it represents their Achilles’ heel by inducing ferroptosis cell death and therefore providing opportunities to target CSCs. In this review, we first summarize our current understanding of iron metabolism and its regulation in CSCs. Then, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of ferroptosis and discuss the role of autophagy in the (regulation of) ferroptotic pathways. Finally, we discuss the potential therapeutic strategies that could be used for inducing ferroptosis in CSCs to treat cancer.
format	article
author	Emma Cosialls Rima El Hage Leïla Dos Santos Chang Gong Maryam Mehrpour Ahmed Hamaï
author_facet	Emma Cosialls Rima El Hage Leïla Dos Santos Chang Gong Maryam Mehrpour Ahmed Hamaï
author_sort	Emma Cosialls
title	Ferroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It
title_short	Ferroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It
title_full	Ferroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It
title_fullStr	Ferroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It
title_full_unstemmed	Ferroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It
title_sort	ferroptosis: cancer stem cells rely on iron until “to die for” it
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a553e184e75440a9d11b2a53d851e8b
work_keys_str_mv	AT emmacosialls ferroptosiscancerstemcellsrelyonironuntiltodieforit AT rimaelhage ferroptosiscancerstemcellsrelyonironuntiltodieforit AT leiladossantos ferroptosiscancerstemcellsrelyonironuntiltodieforit AT changgong ferroptosiscancerstemcellsrelyonironuntiltodieforit AT maryammehrpour ferroptosiscancerstemcellsrelyonironuntiltodieforit AT ahmedhamai ferroptosiscancerstemcellsrelyonironuntiltodieforit
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Ferroptosis: Cancer Stem Cells Rely on Iron until “to Die for” It

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