Clinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody

Meiling Wang,1,2,* Xiaoyu Cao,2,* Qingxin Liu,2 Wenbin Ma,1,2 Xiaoqian Guo,1,3 Xuewu Liu1 1Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 2Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 3Department of Neurology, Jining First People’s Hospital...

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Autores principales:	Wang ML, Cao XY, Liu QX, Ma W, Guo XQ, Liu XW
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	positive LGI1 limbic encephalitis epilepsy FBDS immunotherapy Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a5b8e2b2b624d3a900db2119fc7216e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a5b8e2b2b624d3a900db2119fc7216e2021-12-02T04:02:40ZClinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/4a5b8e2b2b624d3a900db2119fc7216e2017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/clinical-features-of-limbic-encephalitis-with-lgi1-antibody-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Meiling Wang,1,2,* Xiaoyu Cao,2,* Qingxin Liu,2 Wenbin Ma,1,2 Xiaoqian Guo,1,3 Xuewu Liu1 1Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 2Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 3Department of Neurology, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical manifestation, course, evolution, image manifestation, and treatments of LGI1 limbic encephalitis (LE). Patients and methods: Studies confirmed that LE with the complex antibody of voltage-gated potassium channels is LGI1 LE. Since then, LE cases have been reported. In this study, 10 typical LE cases were searched in PubMed. These cases and one additional case, which we reported herein, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All the patients suffered from recent memory deterioration. The following cases were observed: eight with faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS), six with different kinds of epileptic seizures (four complex partial seizures, one myoclonus seizure, and one generalized tonic–clonic seizure), four with FBDS and different kinds of epileptic seizures at the same time, five with mental disorders (one visual hallucination, one paranoia, one depression, one anxiety, and one dysphoria), five with hyponatremia, and two with sleep disorder. The brain MRI of nine patients revealed abnormalities in the mediotemporal lobe and the hippocampus. The LGI1 antibodies in the blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were positive. The content of the CSF protein of two patients increased slightly. The tumor marker of all the patients was normal, but capitate myxoma was detected in the combined pancreas duct of one patient. Gamma globulin and hormone treatments were administered to nine patients. Of these patients, six received a combination of antiepileptic drugs. The clinical symptoms of all the patients improved. Conclusion: LGI1 LE is an autoimmune encephalitis whose clinical manifestations are memory deterioration, FBDS, epileptic seizure, mental disorders, and hyponatremia. Brain MRI shows that this autoimmune disease mainly involves the mediotemporal lobe and the hippocampus. This condition can also be manifested with other autoimmune encephalitis cases but can be rarely associated with tumors. After patients with LGI1 LE receive gamma globulin and hormone treatments, their clinical prognosis is good. Keywords: positive LGI1, limbic encephalitis, epilepsy, FBDS, immunotherapyWang MLCao XYLiu QXMa WGuo XQLiu XWDove Medical Pressarticlepositive LGI1limbic encephalitisepilepsyFBDSimmunotherapyNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 13, Pp 1589-1596 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	positive LGI1 limbic encephalitis epilepsy FBDS immunotherapy Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	positive LGI1 limbic encephalitis epilepsy FBDS immunotherapy Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Wang ML Cao XY Liu QX Ma W Guo XQ Liu XW Clinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody
description	Meiling Wang,1,2,* Xiaoyu Cao,2,* Qingxin Liu,2 Wenbin Ma,1,2 Xiaoqian Guo,1,3 Xuewu Liu1 1Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 2Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 3Department of Neurology, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical manifestation, course, evolution, image manifestation, and treatments of LGI1 limbic encephalitis (LE). Patients and methods: Studies confirmed that LE with the complex antibody of voltage-gated potassium channels is LGI1 LE. Since then, LE cases have been reported. In this study, 10 typical LE cases were searched in PubMed. These cases and one additional case, which we reported herein, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All the patients suffered from recent memory deterioration. The following cases were observed: eight with faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS), six with different kinds of epileptic seizures (four complex partial seizures, one myoclonus seizure, and one generalized tonic–clonic seizure), four with FBDS and different kinds of epileptic seizures at the same time, five with mental disorders (one visual hallucination, one paranoia, one depression, one anxiety, and one dysphoria), five with hyponatremia, and two with sleep disorder. The brain MRI of nine patients revealed abnormalities in the mediotemporal lobe and the hippocampus. The LGI1 antibodies in the blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were positive. The content of the CSF protein of two patients increased slightly. The tumor marker of all the patients was normal, but capitate myxoma was detected in the combined pancreas duct of one patient. Gamma globulin and hormone treatments were administered to nine patients. Of these patients, six received a combination of antiepileptic drugs. The clinical symptoms of all the patients improved. Conclusion: LGI1 LE is an autoimmune encephalitis whose clinical manifestations are memory deterioration, FBDS, epileptic seizure, mental disorders, and hyponatremia. Brain MRI shows that this autoimmune disease mainly involves the mediotemporal lobe and the hippocampus. This condition can also be manifested with other autoimmune encephalitis cases but can be rarely associated with tumors. After patients with LGI1 LE receive gamma globulin and hormone treatments, their clinical prognosis is good. Keywords: positive LGI1, limbic encephalitis, epilepsy, FBDS, immunotherapy
format	article
author	Wang ML Cao XY Liu QX Ma W Guo XQ Liu XW
author_facet	Wang ML Cao XY Liu QX Ma W Guo XQ Liu XW
author_sort	Wang ML
title	Clinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody
title_short	Clinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody
title_full	Clinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody
title_fullStr	Clinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody
title_full_unstemmed	Clinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody
title_sort	clinical features of limbic encephalitis with lgi1 antibody
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a5b8e2b2b624d3a900db2119fc7216e
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_version_	1718401427680788480

Clinical features of limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibody

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