Bonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol

Objectives. This study evaluated the influence of the cement composition and different polymerization protocols on the bonding chemical interaction of self-adhesive cements with synthetic hydroxyapatite. Materials and Methods. Two commercial self-adhesive resin cements (RelyX U200 and Maxcem Elite)...

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Autores principales:	Roger Borges, Carlos Frederico de Oliveira Graeff, Juliana Marchi, Paulo Henrique Perlatti D'Alpino
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Technology T Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a73d54cb2d244d6b7710c73c812752e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a73d54cb2d244d6b7710c73c812752e2021-11-22T01:10:21ZBonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol1537-744X10.1155/2021/4572345https://doaj.org/article/4a73d54cb2d244d6b7710c73c812752e2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4572345https://doaj.org/toc/1537-744XObjectives. This study evaluated the influence of the cement composition and different polymerization protocols on the bonding chemical interaction of self-adhesive cements with synthetic hydroxyapatite. Materials and Methods. Two commercial self-adhesive resin cements (RelyX U200 and Maxcem Elite) were selected, manipulated, mixed with hydroxyapatite dry powder (HAp), dispensed into molds, and distributed into three groups according to polymerization protocols: immediate photoactivation (IP); delayed photoactivation, 10 min self-curing and light-curing (DP); and chemical activation (CA, no light exposure). The detailed chemical information, at atomic scale, on the surface and deeper into the bulk of self-adhesive cement/hydroxyapatite mixtures was evaluated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results. Chemical elements were detected in both cements, such as Na, O, Ca, C, P, and Si. Other elements were detected in minor concentrations. RelyX U200 exhibited the most intense formation of calcium salts products when the cement/HAp mixtures were photoactivated (immediate or delayed). RelyX U200/HAp mixture under delayed photoactivation (DP) also exhibited higher binding energy between calcium moieties of the HAp and methacrylates in the cement. A higher energy difference in the interaction of HAp with the cement comparing the bulk and surface areas was observed when RelyX U200 underwent the delayed photoactivation protocol. Maxcem Elite exhibited an increased chemical reactivity when either chemically activated or immediately photoactivated and a higher binding energy of the carboxyl groups bonded to the calcium of HAp when chemically activated. Conclusions. The interaction of cements with hydroxyapatite is chemical in nature and leads to the formation of calcium salts, which may favor better integrity and longevity of adhesive restorations. The polymerization protocol affects the chemical interaction in mixtures of self-adhesive cements and hydroxyapatite, influencing the formation of these salts and the establishment of intermolecular interactions between the HAp and the cements.Roger BorgesCarlos Frederico de Oliveira GraeffJuliana MarchiPaulo Henrique Perlatti D'AlpinoHindawi LimitedarticleTechnologyTMedicineRScienceQENThe Scientific World Journal, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Technology T Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Technology T Medicine R Science Q Roger Borges Carlos Frederico de Oliveira Graeff Juliana Marchi Paulo Henrique Perlatti D'Alpino Bonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol
description	Objectives. This study evaluated the influence of the cement composition and different polymerization protocols on the bonding chemical interaction of self-adhesive cements with synthetic hydroxyapatite. Materials and Methods. Two commercial self-adhesive resin cements (RelyX U200 and Maxcem Elite) were selected, manipulated, mixed with hydroxyapatite dry powder (HAp), dispensed into molds, and distributed into three groups according to polymerization protocols: immediate photoactivation (IP); delayed photoactivation, 10 min self-curing and light-curing (DP); and chemical activation (CA, no light exposure). The detailed chemical information, at atomic scale, on the surface and deeper into the bulk of self-adhesive cement/hydroxyapatite mixtures was evaluated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results. Chemical elements were detected in both cements, such as Na, O, Ca, C, P, and Si. Other elements were detected in minor concentrations. RelyX U200 exhibited the most intense formation of calcium salts products when the cement/HAp mixtures were photoactivated (immediate or delayed). RelyX U200/HAp mixture under delayed photoactivation (DP) also exhibited higher binding energy between calcium moieties of the HAp and methacrylates in the cement. A higher energy difference in the interaction of HAp with the cement comparing the bulk and surface areas was observed when RelyX U200 underwent the delayed photoactivation protocol. Maxcem Elite exhibited an increased chemical reactivity when either chemically activated or immediately photoactivated and a higher binding energy of the carboxyl groups bonded to the calcium of HAp when chemically activated. Conclusions. The interaction of cements with hydroxyapatite is chemical in nature and leads to the formation of calcium salts, which may favor better integrity and longevity of adhesive restorations. The polymerization protocol affects the chemical interaction in mixtures of self-adhesive cements and hydroxyapatite, influencing the formation of these salts and the establishment of intermolecular interactions between the HAp and the cements.
format	article
author	Roger Borges Carlos Frederico de Oliveira Graeff Juliana Marchi Paulo Henrique Perlatti D'Alpino
author_facet	Roger Borges Carlos Frederico de Oliveira Graeff Juliana Marchi Paulo Henrique Perlatti D'Alpino
author_sort	Roger Borges
title	Bonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol
title_short	Bonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol
title_full	Bonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol
title_fullStr	Bonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol
title_full_unstemmed	Bonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol
title_sort	bonding reactions of dental self-adhesive cements with synthetic hydroxyapatite as a function of the polymerization protocol
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a73d54cb2d244d6b7710c73c812752e
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Bonding Reactions of Dental Self-Adhesive Cements with Synthetic Hydroxyapatite as a Function of the Polymerization Protocol

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