The organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers

Abstract Fossil fuel combustion, eutrophication, and upwelling introduce excess CO2 into coastal zones. The extent to which marine autotrophs may benefit from elevated CO2 will be a function of their carbon limitation and, among other factors, competition with other primary producers. Here, we repor...

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Autores principales:	Craig S. Young, Christopher J. Gobler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a7c84f51005430ea0390466e14038f6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a7c84f51005430ea0390466e14038f62021-12-02T16:07:47ZThe organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers10.1038/s41598-017-08178-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4a7c84f51005430ea0390466e14038f62017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08178-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Fossil fuel combustion, eutrophication, and upwelling introduce excess CO2 into coastal zones. The extent to which marine autotrophs may benefit from elevated CO2 will be a function of their carbon limitation and, among other factors, competition with other primary producers. Here, we report on experiments performed with North Atlantic species of Ulva and Gracilaria grown in situ or exposed to ambient (~400 µatm) and elevated pCO2 (~2500 µatm) and/or subjected to competition with each other and/or with natural plankton assemblages. Elevated pCO2 significantly increased the growth rates of Gracilaria and Ulva and yielded significant declines in tissue δ13C, suggesting that increased growth was associated with increased CO2 use relative to HCO3 −. Gracilaria growth was unaffected by competition with plankton or Ulva, while Ulva experienced significantly reduced growth when competing with Gracilaria or plankton. Dinoflagellates experienced significantly increased growth when exposed to elevated pCO2 but significantly slower growth when competing with Gracilaria. Elevated carbon-to-nitrogen ratios among macroalgae suggested that competition for nitrogen also shaped interactions among autotrophs, particularly Ulva. While some estuarine autotrophs benefit from elevated pCO2, the benefit can change when direct competition with other primary producers is considered with Gracilaria outcompeting Ulva and dinoflagellates outcompeting diatoms under elevated pCO2.Craig S. YoungChristopher J. GoblerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Craig S. Young Christopher J. Gobler The organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers
description	Abstract Fossil fuel combustion, eutrophication, and upwelling introduce excess CO2 into coastal zones. The extent to which marine autotrophs may benefit from elevated CO2 will be a function of their carbon limitation and, among other factors, competition with other primary producers. Here, we report on experiments performed with North Atlantic species of Ulva and Gracilaria grown in situ or exposed to ambient (~400 µatm) and elevated pCO2 (~2500 µatm) and/or subjected to competition with each other and/or with natural plankton assemblages. Elevated pCO2 significantly increased the growth rates of Gracilaria and Ulva and yielded significant declines in tissue δ13C, suggesting that increased growth was associated with increased CO2 use relative to HCO3 −. Gracilaria growth was unaffected by competition with plankton or Ulva, while Ulva experienced significantly reduced growth when competing with Gracilaria or plankton. Dinoflagellates experienced significantly increased growth when exposed to elevated pCO2 but significantly slower growth when competing with Gracilaria. Elevated carbon-to-nitrogen ratios among macroalgae suggested that competition for nitrogen also shaped interactions among autotrophs, particularly Ulva. While some estuarine autotrophs benefit from elevated pCO2, the benefit can change when direct competition with other primary producers is considered with Gracilaria outcompeting Ulva and dinoflagellates outcompeting diatoms under elevated pCO2.
format	article
author	Craig S. Young Christopher J. Gobler
author_facet	Craig S. Young Christopher J. Gobler
author_sort	Craig S. Young
title	The organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers
title_short	The organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers
title_full	The organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers
title_fullStr	The organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers
title_full_unstemmed	The organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers
title_sort	organizing effects of elevated co2 on competition among estuarine primary producers
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a7c84f51005430ea0390466e14038f6
work_keys_str_mv	AT craigsyoung theorganizingeffectsofelevatedco2oncompetitionamongestuarineprimaryproducers AT christopherjgobler theorganizingeffectsofelevatedco2oncompetitionamongestuarineprimaryproducers AT craigsyoung organizingeffectsofelevatedco2oncompetitionamongestuarineprimaryproducers AT christopherjgobler organizingeffectsofelevatedco2oncompetitionamongestuarineprimaryproducers
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The organizing effects of elevated CO2 on competition among estuarine primary producers

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