Differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.

Collective decision making and especially leadership in groups are among the most studied topics in natural, social, and political sciences. Previous studies have shown that some individuals are more likely to be leaders because of their social power or the pertinent information they possess. One ch...

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Autores principales:	Cédric Sueur, Jean-Louis Deneubourg, Odile Petit, Iain D Couzin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a9c4397e7624fd095fe9e30dfe083c1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a9c4397e7624fd095fe9e30dfe083c12021-11-18T05:49:20ZDifferences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1000917https://doaj.org/article/4a9c4397e7624fd095fe9e30dfe083c12010-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20824127/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Collective decision making and especially leadership in groups are among the most studied topics in natural, social, and political sciences. Previous studies have shown that some individuals are more likely to be leaders because of their social power or the pertinent information they possess. One challenge for all group members, however, is to satisfy their needs. In many situations, we do not yet know how individuals within groups distribute leadership decisions between themselves in order to satisfy time-varying individual requirements. To gain insight into this problem, we build a dynamic model where group members have to satisfy different needs but are not aware of each other's needs. Data about needs of animals come from real data observed in macaques. Several studies showed that a collective movement may be initiated by a single individual. This individual may be the dominant one, the oldest one, but also the one having the highest physiological needs. In our model, the individual with the lowest reserve initiates movements and decides for all its conspecifics. This simple rule leads to a viable decision-making system where all individuals may lead the group at one moment and thus suit their requirements. However, a single individual becomes the leader in 38% to 95% of cases and the leadership is unequally (according to an exponential law) distributed according to the heterogeneity of needs in the group. The results showed that this non-linearity emerges when one group member reaches physiological requirements, mainly the nutrient ones - protein, energy and water depending on weight - superior to those of its conspecifics. This amplification may explain why some leaders could appear in animal groups without any despotism, complex signalling, or developed cognitive ability.Cédric SueurJean-Louis DeneubourgOdile PetitIain D CouzinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 6, Iss 9, p e1000917 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Cédric Sueur Jean-Louis Deneubourg Odile Petit Iain D Couzin Differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.
description	Collective decision making and especially leadership in groups are among the most studied topics in natural, social, and political sciences. Previous studies have shown that some individuals are more likely to be leaders because of their social power or the pertinent information they possess. One challenge for all group members, however, is to satisfy their needs. In many situations, we do not yet know how individuals within groups distribute leadership decisions between themselves in order to satisfy time-varying individual requirements. To gain insight into this problem, we build a dynamic model where group members have to satisfy different needs but are not aware of each other's needs. Data about needs of animals come from real data observed in macaques. Several studies showed that a collective movement may be initiated by a single individual. This individual may be the dominant one, the oldest one, but also the one having the highest physiological needs. In our model, the individual with the lowest reserve initiates movements and decides for all its conspecifics. This simple rule leads to a viable decision-making system where all individuals may lead the group at one moment and thus suit their requirements. However, a single individual becomes the leader in 38% to 95% of cases and the leadership is unequally (according to an exponential law) distributed according to the heterogeneity of needs in the group. The results showed that this non-linearity emerges when one group member reaches physiological requirements, mainly the nutrient ones - protein, energy and water depending on weight - superior to those of its conspecifics. This amplification may explain why some leaders could appear in animal groups without any despotism, complex signalling, or developed cognitive ability.
format	article
author	Cédric Sueur Jean-Louis Deneubourg Odile Petit Iain D Couzin
author_facet	Cédric Sueur Jean-Louis Deneubourg Odile Petit Iain D Couzin
author_sort	Cédric Sueur
title	Differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.
title_short	Differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.
title_full	Differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.
title_fullStr	Differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.
title_full_unstemmed	Differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.
title_sort	differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a9c4397e7624fd095fe9e30dfe083c1
work_keys_str_mv	AT cedricsueur differencesinnutrientrequirementsimplyanonlinearemergenceofleadersinanimalgroups AT jeanlouisdeneubourg differencesinnutrientrequirementsimplyanonlinearemergenceofleadersinanimalgroups AT odilepetit differencesinnutrientrequirementsimplyanonlinearemergenceofleadersinanimalgroups AT iaindcouzin differencesinnutrientrequirementsimplyanonlinearemergenceofleadersinanimalgroups
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Differences in nutrient requirements imply a non-linear emergence of leaders in animal groups.

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