An Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting

We performed an animal study to identify the techniques associated with the best muscle healing outcomes in cleft lip/palate surgery. The right triceps of thirty adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were cut and repaired by three different suture techniques: simple (<i>n</i> = 10), overlapping...

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Autores principales:	Jaehoon Kim, Jaehoon Choi, Junhyung Kim, Taehee Jo, Ilseon Hwang, Kihwan Han, Woonhyeok Jeong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cleft lip cleft palate muscles suture techniques facial muscles Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4a9c7ed6d3fa4c17985ca057e6eaf820
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4a9c7ed6d3fa4c17985ca057e6eaf8202021-11-11T17:28:56ZAn Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting10.3390/jcm102148032077-0383https://doaj.org/article/4a9c7ed6d3fa4c17985ca057e6eaf8202021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/21/4803https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383We performed an animal study to identify the techniques associated with the best muscle healing outcomes in cleft lip/palate surgery. The right triceps of thirty adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were cut and repaired by three different suture techniques: simple (<i>n</i> = 10), overlapping (<i>n</i> = 10), and splitting sutures (<i>n</i> = 10). Muscle tissues were isolated from 5 rats per group 1 and 8 weeks postoperation. The inflammatory response and muscle fiber healing were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry for TNF-α and IL-1β, and immunofluorescence for laminin and MyoD. Grip strength (N/100 g) and spatial gait symmetry were evaluated before surgery and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperation. Eight weeks postoperation, grip force per weight was significantly higher in the simple suture (median, 3.49; IQR, 3.28–3.66) and overlapping groups (median, 3.3; IQR, 3.17–3.47) than the splitting group (median, 2.91; IQR, 2.76–3.05). There was no significant difference in range of motion between groups. The simple group exhibited significant remission of inflammation by H&E staining and lower expression of TNF-α and IL-1β than the other groups by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence revealed stronger expression of MyoD and weaker expression of laminin in the splitting group than in the other groups at week 8, indicating prolonged inflammation and healing followed by poor muscle fiber remodeling. Simple and overlapping sutures demonstrated similar functional healing, although greater inflammation and failure to maintain a thicker muscle belly were observed in the overlapping suture group compared with the simple suture group. Therefore, reconstruction of the philtral column with overlapping sutures alone may result in limited long-term fullness, and additional procedures may be needed.Jaehoon KimJaehoon ChoiJunhyung KimTaehee JoIlseon HwangKihwan HanWoonhyeok JeongMDPI AGarticlecleft lipcleft palatemusclessuture techniquesfacial musclesMedicineRENJournal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 4803, p 4803 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cleft lip cleft palate muscles suture techniques facial muscles Medicine R
spellingShingle	cleft lip cleft palate muscles suture techniques facial muscles Medicine R Jaehoon Kim Jaehoon Choi Junhyung Kim Taehee Jo Ilseon Hwang Kihwan Han Woonhyeok Jeong An Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting
description	We performed an animal study to identify the techniques associated with the best muscle healing outcomes in cleft lip/palate surgery. The right triceps of thirty adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were cut and repaired by three different suture techniques: simple (<i>n</i> = 10), overlapping (<i>n</i> = 10), and splitting sutures (<i>n</i> = 10). Muscle tissues were isolated from 5 rats per group 1 and 8 weeks postoperation. The inflammatory response and muscle fiber healing were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry for TNF-α and IL-1β, and immunofluorescence for laminin and MyoD. Grip strength (N/100 g) and spatial gait symmetry were evaluated before surgery and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperation. Eight weeks postoperation, grip force per weight was significantly higher in the simple suture (median, 3.49; IQR, 3.28–3.66) and overlapping groups (median, 3.3; IQR, 3.17–3.47) than the splitting group (median, 2.91; IQR, 2.76–3.05). There was no significant difference in range of motion between groups. The simple group exhibited significant remission of inflammation by H&E staining and lower expression of TNF-α and IL-1β than the other groups by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence revealed stronger expression of MyoD and weaker expression of laminin in the splitting group than in the other groups at week 8, indicating prolonged inflammation and healing followed by poor muscle fiber remodeling. Simple and overlapping sutures demonstrated similar functional healing, although greater inflammation and failure to maintain a thicker muscle belly were observed in the overlapping suture group compared with the simple suture group. Therefore, reconstruction of the philtral column with overlapping sutures alone may result in limited long-term fullness, and additional procedures may be needed.
format	article
author	Jaehoon Kim Jaehoon Choi Junhyung Kim Taehee Jo Ilseon Hwang Kihwan Han Woonhyeok Jeong
author_facet	Jaehoon Kim Jaehoon Choi Junhyung Kim Taehee Jo Ilseon Hwang Kihwan Han Woonhyeok Jeong
author_sort	Jaehoon Kim
title	An Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting
title_short	An Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting
title_full	An Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting
title_fullStr	An Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting
title_full_unstemmed	An Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting
title_sort	evaluation of muscle repair techniques: implications in musculoskeletal healing and corollaries in oral-facial clefting
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4a9c7ed6d3fa4c17985ca057e6eaf820
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An Evaluation of Muscle Repair Techniques: Implications in Musculoskeletal Healing and Corollaries in Oral-Facial Clefting

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