Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges

The emergence of a novel coronavirus viz., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019 and its subsequent substantial spread produced the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide. Given its unprecedented infectivity and pathogenicity, the COVID-19 pandemic...

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Autores principales:	Ramesh Kandimalla, Pratik Chakraborty, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Anupama Chaudhary, Sonalinandini Samanta, P. Hemachandra Reddy, Vincenzo De Feo, Saikat Dewanjee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine coronaviruses reinfection epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4aa86a6528484002937a35e5cb122aae
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4aa86a6528484002937a35e5cb122aae2021-11-25T16:51:38ZCounting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges10.3390/biomedicines91117402227-9059https://doaj.org/article/4aa86a6528484002937a35e5cb122aae2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/11/1740https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9059The emergence of a novel coronavirus viz., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019 and its subsequent substantial spread produced the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide. Given its unprecedented infectivity and pathogenicity, the COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on human health, and its clinical management has been a great challenge, which has led to the development and speedy trials of several vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 at an exceptional pace. As a result, several COVID-19 vaccines were made commercially available in the first half of 2021. Although several COVID-19 vaccines showed promising results, crucial insights into their epidemiology, protective mechanisms, and the propensities of reinfection are not largely reviewed. In the present report, we provided insights into the prospects of vaccination against COVID-19 and assessed diverse vaccination strategies including DNA, mRNA, protein subunits, vector-based, live attenuated, and inactivated whole/viral particle-based vaccines. Next, we reviewed major aspects of various available vaccines approved by the World Health Organization and by the local administrations to use against COVID-19. Moreover, we comprehensively assessed the success of these approved vaccines and also their untoward effects, including the possibility of reinfection. We also provided an update on the vaccines that are under development and could be promising candidates in the future. Conclusively, we provided insights into the COVID-19 vaccine epidemiology, their potency, and propensity for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, while a careful review of their current status, strategies, success, and future challenges was also presented.Ramesh KandimallaPratik ChakrabortyJayalakshmi VallamkonduAnupama ChaudharySonalinandini SamantaP. Hemachandra ReddyVincenzo De FeoSaikat DewanjeeMDPI AGarticlecoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)SARS-CoV-2vaccinecoronavirusesreinfectionepidemiologyBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiomedicines, Vol 9, Iss 1740, p 1740 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine coronaviruses reinfection epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine coronaviruses reinfection epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ramesh Kandimalla Pratik Chakraborty Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu Anupama Chaudhary Sonalinandini Samanta P. Hemachandra Reddy Vincenzo De Feo Saikat Dewanjee Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges
description	The emergence of a novel coronavirus viz., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019 and its subsequent substantial spread produced the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide. Given its unprecedented infectivity and pathogenicity, the COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on human health, and its clinical management has been a great challenge, which has led to the development and speedy trials of several vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 at an exceptional pace. As a result, several COVID-19 vaccines were made commercially available in the first half of 2021. Although several COVID-19 vaccines showed promising results, crucial insights into their epidemiology, protective mechanisms, and the propensities of reinfection are not largely reviewed. In the present report, we provided insights into the prospects of vaccination against COVID-19 and assessed diverse vaccination strategies including DNA, mRNA, protein subunits, vector-based, live attenuated, and inactivated whole/viral particle-based vaccines. Next, we reviewed major aspects of various available vaccines approved by the World Health Organization and by the local administrations to use against COVID-19. Moreover, we comprehensively assessed the success of these approved vaccines and also their untoward effects, including the possibility of reinfection. We also provided an update on the vaccines that are under development and could be promising candidates in the future. Conclusively, we provided insights into the COVID-19 vaccine epidemiology, their potency, and propensity for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, while a careful review of their current status, strategies, success, and future challenges was also presented.
format	article
author	Ramesh Kandimalla Pratik Chakraborty Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu Anupama Chaudhary Sonalinandini Samanta P. Hemachandra Reddy Vincenzo De Feo Saikat Dewanjee
author_facet	Ramesh Kandimalla Pratik Chakraborty Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu Anupama Chaudhary Sonalinandini Samanta P. Hemachandra Reddy Vincenzo De Feo Saikat Dewanjee
author_sort	Ramesh Kandimalla
title	Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges
title_short	Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges
title_full	Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges
title_fullStr	Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges
title_full_unstemmed	Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges
title_sort	counting on covid-19 vaccine: insights into the current strategies, progress and future challenges
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4aa86a6528484002937a35e5cb122aae
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Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges

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