Effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers

Abstract Fluoroquinolones are a class of antimicrobial commonly used in human medicine, and deemed critical by the World Health Organization. Nonetheless, two formulations are approved for the treatment of respiratory disease in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to determine the gastroint...

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Autores principales:	J. L. Halleran, B. J. Callahan, M. E. Jacob, H. J. Sylvester, T. Prange, M. G. Papich, D. M. Foster
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4abff7625d6b4ca0916314da8046ab87
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4abff7625d6b4ca0916314da8046ab872021-12-02T16:53:18ZEffects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers10.1038/s41598-021-90647-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4abff7625d6b4ca0916314da8046ab872021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90647-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Fluoroquinolones are a class of antimicrobial commonly used in human medicine, and deemed critical by the World Health Organization. Nonetheless, two formulations are approved for the treatment of respiratory disease in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to determine the gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and impact on enteric bacteria of cattle when receiving one of the two dosing regimens (high: 40 mg/kg SC once or low: 20 mg/kg IM q48hr) of danofloxacin, a commonly utilized synthetic fluoroquinolone in veterinary medicine. Danofloxacin was administered to 12 steers (age 7 months) fitted with intestinal ultrafiltration devices at two different dosing regimens to assess the gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics, the shifts in the gastrointestinal microbiome and the development of resistant bacterial isolates. Our results demonstrated high intestinal penetration of danofloxacin for both dosing groups, as well as, significant differences in MIC values for E. coli and Enterococcus between dosing groups at selected time points over a 38 day period. Danofloxacin treatment consistently resulted in the Euryarchaeota phyla decreasing over time, specifically due to a decrease in Methanobrevibacter. Although microbiome differences were minor between dosing groups, the low dose group had a higher number of isolates with MIC values high enough to cause clinically relevant resistance. This information would help guide veterinarians as to appropriate dosing schemes to minimize the spread of antimicrobial resistance.J. L. HalleranB. J. CallahanM. E. JacobH. J. SylvesterT. PrangeM. G. PapichD. M. FosterNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q J. L. Halleran B. J. Callahan M. E. Jacob H. J. Sylvester T. Prange M. G. Papich D. M. Foster Effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers
description	Abstract Fluoroquinolones are a class of antimicrobial commonly used in human medicine, and deemed critical by the World Health Organization. Nonetheless, two formulations are approved for the treatment of respiratory disease in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to determine the gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and impact on enteric bacteria of cattle when receiving one of the two dosing regimens (high: 40 mg/kg SC once or low: 20 mg/kg IM q48hr) of danofloxacin, a commonly utilized synthetic fluoroquinolone in veterinary medicine. Danofloxacin was administered to 12 steers (age 7 months) fitted with intestinal ultrafiltration devices at two different dosing regimens to assess the gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics, the shifts in the gastrointestinal microbiome and the development of resistant bacterial isolates. Our results demonstrated high intestinal penetration of danofloxacin for both dosing groups, as well as, significant differences in MIC values for E. coli and Enterococcus between dosing groups at selected time points over a 38 day period. Danofloxacin treatment consistently resulted in the Euryarchaeota phyla decreasing over time, specifically due to a decrease in Methanobrevibacter. Although microbiome differences were minor between dosing groups, the low dose group had a higher number of isolates with MIC values high enough to cause clinically relevant resistance. This information would help guide veterinarians as to appropriate dosing schemes to minimize the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
format	article
author	J. L. Halleran B. J. Callahan M. E. Jacob H. J. Sylvester T. Prange M. G. Papich D. M. Foster
author_facet	J. L. Halleran B. J. Callahan M. E. Jacob H. J. Sylvester T. Prange M. G. Papich D. M. Foster
author_sort	J. L. Halleran
title	Effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers
title_short	Effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers
title_full	Effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers
title_fullStr	Effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers
title_sort	effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4abff7625d6b4ca0916314da8046ab87
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Effects of danofloxacin dosing regimen on gastrointestinal pharmacokinetics and fecal microbiome in steers

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