Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents
The use of nanomaterials alone or in composites with proteins is a promising alternative to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. In this regard, this study used seed proteins from both fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.) (FNP) and mung bean (<i>Viga radiate</i>) (MNP), wi...
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | article |
| Langue: | EN |
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MDPI AG
2021
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| Accès en ligne: | https://doaj.org/article/4af2c5aa75ee489780ce7f3f4a3a8639 |
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| Résumé: | The use of nanomaterials alone or in composites with proteins is a promising alternative to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. In this regard, this study used seed proteins from both fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.) (FNP) and mung bean (<i>Viga radiate</i>) (MNP), with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and nanocomposites of either Ag-NPs plus FNP (Ag-FNP) or Ag-NPs plus MNP (Ag-MNP) as inhibitory agents against pathogenic bacteria. FNP and MNP were isolated from fenugreek seeds and mung bean seeds, respectively, and fractionated using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). Both FNP and MNP were immobilized with Ag-NPs to synthesize the nanocomposites Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of Ag-NPs and their composites with proteins were studied by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), the zeta potential, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller isotherm (BET), elucidating their structural parameters, size distribution, size charges, size surface morphology, particle shape, dimensional forms of particles, and specific surface area, respectively. The sole proteins, Ag-NPs, and their nanocomposites inhibited pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The inhibitory activities of both nanocomposites (Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP) were more than those obtained by either Ag-NPs or proteins (FNP, MNP). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Ag-FNP were very low (20 and 10 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Salmonella</i><i>typhimurium</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i><i>aerugenosa</i>, respectively, but higher (162 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Listeria</i><i>monocytogenes</i>. MICs of Ag-MNP were also very low (20 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> but higher (325 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Listeria</i><i>monocytogenes</i>. TEM images of <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> and <i>Salmonella</i><i>typhimurium</i>, treated with Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, at their MIC values, showed asymmetric, wrinkled exterior surfaces, cell deformations, cell depressions, and diminished cell numbers. |
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